UMR CNRS LIENSs, Université de La Rochelle, Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle 17 000, France.
UMR CNRS LIENSs, Université de La Rochelle, Littoral Environnement et Sociétés, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, La Rochelle 17 000, France.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2022 Aug;181:113842. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113842. Epub 2022 Jun 22.
The seasonal pattern of microplastics (MPs) contamination of the French littoral area of the Pertuis Charentais, one of the main French shellfish production regions, was assessed for the first time, between May 2019 and May 2020 at four different sites. The reference site was located at "Ile de Ré" and the other sites were located in the estuaries of the Sèvre Niortaise, Charente and Seudre rivers. Both blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) and Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas), that are considered sentinel species for the quality of the marine environment were analysed, along with sediment and seawater samples. MPs were extracted from each sample, counted, measured and sorted by colour and type. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the proportion of confirmed MPs and the polymer types. The results showed that the contamination of mussels by fibres and fragments (1.9 ± 2.1 MPs/g ww) was significantly higher than for oysters (0.4 ± 0.4 MPs/g ww). Specifically, the contamination by fibres in both species was significantly greater than the contamination by fragments. Significant variations of MPs contamination were observed across the seasons and sites in bivalves, and depended on the species and the type of MPs (fibres or fragments). Mean concentrations of MPs measured in water and sediment were 0.007 MPs/L and 210 MPs/kg dw, respectively. Finally, blue was the dominant colour for fibres (79 %) and fragments (81 %). Blue fragments were mainly made of PS (70 %) followed by PC (18 %) and PP, PA or PLA (3 %) whereas blue fibres were mainly made of PA (80 %) followed by PET (13 %) or PP (7 %). This rare environmental case study of long-term chronic exposure of farming areas to MPs provides new knowledge on in situ variations of plastic fibres and fragments contamination throughout the seasons.
首次评估了法国 Pertuis Charentais 滨海地区（法国主要贝类生产区之一）的微塑料（MPs）污染的季节性模式，该地区在 2019 年 5 月至 2020 年 5 月期间在四个不同地点进行。参考地点位于“雷岛”，其他地点位于塞夫尔-尼奥尔塔斯河、沙尔讷河和叙德雷河的河口。蓝贻贝（Mytilus edulis）和太平洋牡蛎（Magallana gigas）都被认为是海洋环境质量的指示物种，对贻贝和牡蛎以及沉积物和海水样本进行了分析。从每个样本中提取、计数、测量和按颜色和类型对 MPs 进行分类。使用微拉曼光谱法确定确认 MPs 的比例和聚合物类型。结果表明，纤维和碎片（1.9±2.1 MPs/g ww）对贻贝的污染明显高于对牡蛎（0.4±0.4 MPs/g ww）的污染。具体而言，两种物种中纤维的污染明显大于碎片的污染。双壳类动物在不同季节和地点的 MPs 污染存在显著差异，并且取决于物种和 MPs 类型（纤维或碎片）。水中和沉积物中 MPs 的平均浓度分别为 0.007 MPs/L 和 210 MPs/kg dw。最后，蓝色是纤维（79%）和碎片（81%）的主要颜色。蓝色碎片主要由 PS（70%）组成，其次是 PC（18%）和 PP、PA 或 PLA（3%），而蓝色纤维主要由 PA（80%）组成，其次是 PET（13%）或 PP（7%）。这是一个罕见的环境案例研究，长期慢性暴露于养殖区的 MPs 提供了有关整个季节塑料纤维和碎片污染的原位变化的新知识。
