Central Coast Local Health District, Gosford, NSW 2250, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia.
School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia.
Nurse Educ Today. 2022 Sep;116:105441. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105441. Epub 2022 Jun 14.
Empathy in healthcare benefits patients and healthcare providers. However, empathy decline is a recent trend within healthcare education. There is a paucity of literature that investigates the impact of volunteering on the empathy levels of undergraduate healthcare students. This scoping review explores the literature regarding empathy and volunteering for healthcare students.
The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews guided this study.
The electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest, JBI, Cochrane, PubMed, PsychInfo, and PsychNurses were searched from January 2001 to August 2021. The original search was developed in MEDLINE and then adapted to the other databases.
This scoping review used the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology. The search retrieved a total of 310 articles. Following deduplication, 271 articles were reviewed by title and abstract. Thirty articles were reviewed in full text with twelve articles meeting the criteria for inclusion. Included studies were assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).
Five qualitative, four quantitative and three mixed method studies were included. A variety of volunteering interventions for undergraduate healthcare students were identified from countries including the United States of America, Singapore, Australia, and Brazil. Thematic analysis identified that volunteer undergraduate healthcare students practiced and developed empathy, and experienced professional and personal development.
Volunteering interventions were primarily in a service-learning modality within community health and palliative healthcare settings. Inconsistencies exist in empathy definitions and empirical empathy measurement. There is a need for more research that explores empathy development through volunteer activities in acute care settings.
医疗保健中的同理心有益于患者和医疗保健提供者。然而，同理心的下降是医疗保健教育中的一个新趋势。关于志愿服务对本科医疗保健学生同理心水平的影响，文献相对较少。本范围综述探讨了有关医疗保健学生同理心和志愿服务的文献。
乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的范围综述方法指导了这项研究。
从 2001 年 1 月至 2021 年 8 月，检索了 MEDLINE、CINAHL、ProQuest、JBI、Cochrane、PubMed、PsychInfo 和 PsychNurses 等电子数据库。原始搜索是在 MEDLINE 中开发的，然后适用于其他数据库。
本范围综述采用了乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）的范围综述方法。该搜索共检索到 310 篇文章。经过去重处理后，有 271 篇文章通过标题和摘要进行了审查。有 30 篇文章进行了全文审查，其中 12 篇文章符合纳入标准。纳入的研究使用混合方法评估工具（MMAT）进行了评估。
共纳入 5 篇定性研究、4 篇定量研究和 3 篇混合方法研究。从美国、新加坡、澳大利亚和巴西等国家确定了各种针对本科医疗保健学生的志愿服务干预措施。主题分析表明，志愿本科医疗保健学生实践和发展了同理心，并获得了专业和个人发展。
志愿服务干预主要是在社区卫生和姑息治疗环境中的服务学习模式下进行的。同理心的定义和实证同理心测量存在不一致。需要更多研究来探讨急性护理环境中通过志愿活动发展同理心。
