Li Tingting, Zhang Dan, Qu Yang, Zhai Shuang, Xie Yang, Tao Shuman, Zou Liwei, Tao Fangbiao, Wu Xiaoyan
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China.
Addict Behav. 2022 Nov;134:107398. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107398. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
This study aimed to describe the prevalence of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and chronotype among Chinese college students, estimate PMPU development trajectories, and further examine the effect of PMPU trajectories on chronotype.
In a stratified cluster sampling design, PMPU and chronotype were evaluated in 999 college students from two universities in a 2-year prospective investigation from April 2019 to April 2021, and an investigation was conducted every six months (time 1 ∼ time 5, T1 ∼ T5).
N = 999 college students (mean age at T1: 18.8 years (SD = 1.2), 37.7% male) took part in the study.
The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess the PMPU and sleep quality of college students at each time point. The Morning and Evening Questionnaire (MEQ) was adopted to investigate the chronotype of college students at T5.
The prevalence of PMPU at T1 ∼ T5 was 24.3%, 27.3%, 35.1%, 31.2% and 31.9%, respectively. The prevalence rates of morning types (M-types), neutral types (N-types), and evening types (E-types) were 19.1%, 70.8%, and 10.1%, respectively. Using latent growth mixture modelling, we identified three trajectories of PMPU: low-level (49.5%), moderate-level (38.6%), and high-level score trajectories (11.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that a trajectory with a high score was positively associated with E-types (P < 0.05). After stratification by gender, a high-level score trajectory was positively associated with E-types only among female college students (P < 0.05). There were sex differences in the association between trajectories of PMPU and chronotype.
Long-term symptoms of PMPU may be a potential risk factor for circadian rhythm disturbance among college students, and this effect was significantly different between genders.
本研究旨在描述中国大学生问题性手机使用（PMPU）和昼夜节律类型的流行情况，估计PMPU的发展轨迹，并进一步探讨PMPU轨迹对昼夜节律类型的影响。
采用分层整群抽样设计，在2019年4月至2021年4月的两年前瞻性调查中，对来自两所大学的999名大学生进行了PMPU和昼夜节律类型评估，每六个月进行一次调查（时间1至时间5，T1至T5）。
999名大学生（T1时平均年龄：18.8岁（标准差=1.2），男性占37.7%）参与了本研究。
使用青少年问题性手机使用自评问卷（SQAPMPU）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）在每个时间点评估大学生的PMPU和睡眠质量。采用早晚问卷（MEQ）在T5时调查大学生的昼夜节律类型。
T1至T5时PMPU的患病率分别为24.3%、27.3%、35.1%、31.2%和31.9%。早起型（M型）、中间型（N型）和晚睡型（E型）的患病率分别为19.1%、70.8%和10.1%。通过潜在增长混合模型，我们确定了PMPU的三种轨迹：低水平（49.5%）、中等水平（38.6%）和高水平得分轨迹（11.9%）。多因素逻辑回归分析结果显示，高分轨迹与E型呈正相关（P<0.05）。按性别分层后，高分轨迹仅在女大学生中与E型呈正相关（P<0.05）。PMPU轨迹与昼夜节律类型之间的关联存在性别差异。
PMPU的长期症状可能是大学生昼夜节律紊乱的潜在危险因素，且这种影响在性别之间存在显著差异。
