三脉叶马兰提取物对奥利亚罗非鱼生长、常规成分、免疫、肠道微生物群和抗无乳链球菌的影响。
Effects of Elephantopus scaber extract on growth, proximate composition, immunity, intestinal microbiota and resistance of the GIFT strain of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus to Streptococcus agalactiae.
机构信息
Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China; Ocean College of Hebei Agricultural University, Qinhuangdao, 066003, China.
Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Functional Components Research and Utilization of Marine Bio-resources, Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute of Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China.
出版信息
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Aug;127:280-294. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.032. Epub 2022 Jun 22.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Elephantopus scaber extract on the GIFT (genetic improvement of farmed tilapia) strain of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. A total of 800 tilapia with an initial body weight of 1.34 ± 0.09 g each were randomly divided into five groups. The tilapia in the control group (E0 group) were fed on a basal diet only. Meanwhile, tilapia in the four experimental groups were fed on a basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg (E1 group), 3 g/kg (E2 group), 5 g/kg (E3 group), and 7 g/kg (E4 group) of E. scaber extract for 10 weeks. Results showed that the survival rate was higher in the experimental groups than in the control group. Compared with the control group, some growth parameters (FW, WGR, SGR, VSI, and HSI) were significantly improved in the E1 group and E2 group. The crude lipid content in the dorsal muscle and liver was lower in the E1 group than in the control group. After E. scaber extract supplementation, activities of immunity-related enzymes (ACP, AKP, T-AOC, SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and LZM) in plasma, liver, spleen and head kidney, and expressions of immunity-related genes (IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and CCL-3) in liver, spleen and head kidney showed various degrees of improvement, while MDA content and Hsp70 expression level were decreased. The survival rate of tilapia increased in all the supplementation groups after Streptococcus agalactiae treatment. E. scaber extract addition changed the species composition, abundance, and diversity of intestinal microbiota in tilapia. These results demonstrate that E. scaber extract supplementation in diet can improve the growth, immunity, and disease resistance of GIFT against S. agalactiae. E. scaber extract supplementation can also change intestinal microbiota and reduce crude lipid content in dorsal muscle and liver. The above indicators show that the optimal dose of E. scaber extract for GIFT is 1 g/kg.
本研究旨在探讨一点红提取物对奥利亚罗非鱼 GIFT（罗非鱼遗传改良）品系的影响。将 800 尾初始体重为 1.34±0.09g 的罗非鱼随机分为 5 组，对照组（E0 组）投喂基础日粮，其余 4 个试验组分别在基础日粮中添加 1g/kg（E1 组）、3g/kg（E2 组）、5g/kg（E3 组）和 7g/kg（E4 组）一点红提取物，试验期为 10 周。结果表明，试验组的存活率均高于对照组。与对照组相比，E1 组和 E2 组的一些生长参数（FW、WGR、SGR、VSI 和 HSI）显著提高。E1 组背肌和肝脏的粗脂肪含量低于对照组。补充一点红提取物后，血浆、肝脏、脾脏和头肾中与免疫相关的酶（ACP、AKP、T-AOC、SOD、CAT、GSH-Px 和 LZM）活性以及肝脏、脾脏和头肾中与免疫相关的基因（IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α和 CCL-3）表达均有不同程度的改善，而 MDA 含量和 Hsp70 表达水平降低。在链球菌攻毒后，所有添加组的罗非鱼存活率均有所提高。一点红提取物的添加改变了罗非鱼肠道微生物的种类组成、丰度和多样性。这些结果表明，在饲料中添加一点红提取物可以提高 GIFT 对链球菌的生长、免疫和抗病能力。一点红提取物的添加还可以改变肠道微生物群，降低背肌和肝脏中的粗脂肪含量。上述指标表明，一点红提取物对 GIFT 的最佳添加剂量为 1g/kg。
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