Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, QC, Canada.
Sleep Med Rev. 2022 Aug;64:101660. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101660. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
Bright light exposure at night can help workers adapt to their shift schedules, but there has been relatively little research on evening light. We conducted a systematic review of studies that manipulated light exposure in the evening (broadly defined as 16:00-22:00) before real or simulated night shifts. Across the five eligible studies, evening light produced phase delays in melatonin, body temperature, and sleep propensity; it also improved sleep quality, sleep duration, memory, and work performance. There were mixed effects for mood, no changes in sleepiness, and no negative effects. The confidence in these results ranged from moderate for physiological markers of circadian phase delays to very low for mood. Future studies should compare the relative effectiveness and safety of evening versus night-time light exposure. Overall, the benefits of evening light for shift workers are tentative yet promising.
夜间强光照射可以帮助工人适应轮班时间表，但对夜间光线的研究相对较少。我们对在实际或模拟夜班前晚上（广义上定义为 16:00-22:00）进行光照控制的研究进行了系统回顾。在五项合格研究中，夜间光照使褪黑素、体温和睡眠倾向出现相位延迟；它还改善了睡眠质量、睡眠时间、记忆力和工作表现。情绪方面的效果混杂，警觉性没有变化，也没有负面影响。这些结果的可信度从生理节律相位延迟的生理标记物的中度到情绪的非常低不等。未来的研究应该比较夜间和夜间光照暴露的相对有效性和安全性。总的来说，夜间光照对轮班工人的益处尚不确定，但有希望。
