Kováčik Jozef, Husáková Lenka, Graziani Giulia, Patočka Jan, Vydra Marek, Rouphael Youssef
Department of Biology, University of Trnava, Priemyselná 4, 918 43, Trnava, Slovak Republic.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573 HB/D, 532 10, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2022 Aug 15;185:357-367. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.06.009. Epub 2022 Jun 9.
The Hypericum species (H. perforatum, H. olympicum, and H. orientale) were cultured in hydroponics with excess nickel (Ni, 1 or 100 μM Ni) to compare the metallic and metabolite content. Identical species were collected outdoor to assess the same parameters (including uranium and lanthanides) with total of 53 elements. The results showed that Ni was less accumulated in shoots in hydroponics (translocation factor of 0.01-0.25) and the highest absolute amount was detected in H. olympicum. Essential elements were typically depleted by Ni excess, but Co and Na increased. Soluble phenols, sum of flavonols and catechin rather increased in response to Ni but quercetin glycosides and free amino acids decreased in the shoots of H. olympicum mainly. Comparison of laboratory and outdoor growing plants showed more phenols in outdoor samples but not in H. olympicum and individual metabolites differed too. Plants cultured in hydroponics contained lower amount of non-essential, toxic and rare earth elements (30-100-fold) and shoot bioaccumulation factor in outdoor samples was low for most elements (<0.01) but not for Cd and Pt. Data reveal that H. olympicum is a potent source of phenolic metabolites whereas H. orientale accumulates many elements (38 out of 53 elements).
对金丝桃属植物（贯叶连翘、奥林匹金丝桃和东方金丝桃）进行水培，添加过量镍（镍，1或100 μM镍），以比较金属和代谢物含量。采集相同的物种在室外进行评估，以测定包括铀和镧系元素在内的总共53种元素的相同参数。结果表明，镍在水培植物地上部的积累较少（转运系数为0.01 - 0.25），在奥林匹金丝桃中检测到的绝对量最高。过量的镍通常会使必需元素减少，但钴和钠增加。可溶性酚、黄酮醇和儿茶素的总量因镍的作用而增加，但槲皮素糖苷和游离氨基酸主要在奥林匹金丝桃的地上部减少。室内和室外种植植物的比较表明，室外样品中的酚类物质更多，但奥林匹金丝桃除外，而且个别代谢物也有所不同。水培植物中所含的非必需元素、有毒元素和稀土元素较少（低30 - 100倍），室外样品中大多数元素的地上部生物累积系数较低（<0.01），但镉和铂除外。数据显示，奥林匹金丝桃是酚类代谢物的重要来源，而东方金丝桃积累了许多元素（53种元素中的38种）。
