Yeditepe University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, İnönü Mah, Kayışdağı Cad, 34755, İstanbul, Turkey.
Appetite. 2022 Oct 1;177:106133. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106133. Epub 2022 Jun 24.
Recent evidence indicated that lifestyle modifications, especially mindful eating, might be effective interventions for treating food addiction (FA). Mindful eating practices have been considered to regulate emotional eating, which is one predictor of FA along with automatic eating behaviors, including emotional, impulsive, and habitual eating. Thus, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the effect of mindful eating on FA of university students. The research team collected the data with 2133 undergraduate students. The Mindful Eating Questionnaire examined the mindfulness status of the students, and the FA diagnosed by using the YALE Food Addiction Scale. 56.9% of participants were women, with a mean age of 21.5 ± 2.2 and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 22.5 ± 3.8 kg/m. Although no significant differences were observed regarding sex (p > .05), the FA prevalence among men (16.1%) was higher than women. The overall prevalence of FA was 15.3%, which was 1.5 units higher among those with BMI ≥25 kg/m. Also, FA diagnosis was significantly more prevalent among smokers and ex-smokers (p < .01). In addition, participants diagnosed with FA had a significantly lower mean mindful eating score (p < .001). Furthermore, those with lower mindfulness levels had a 4.96 higher risk of being food addicted (p < .000). Those with FA diagnosis had significantly lower scores regarding subscales of "disinhibition," "emotional eating," "control of eating," "mindfulness," and "interference" (p < .001). Consequently, it should be highlighted that determining the level of individuals' mindful eating may have remarkable and cumulative impacts on both obesity and FA in the long term. Thus, increasing mindful eating may be suggested as an essential strategy to control FA among young individuals.
最近的证据表明，生活方式的改变，特别是正念饮食，可能是治疗食物成瘾（FA）的有效干预措施。正念饮食的实践被认为可以调节情绪性进食，这是 FA 的一个预测因素，与自动进食行为一起，包括情绪性、冲动性和习惯性进食。因此，这项横断面研究旨在确定正念饮食对大学生 FA 的影响。研究小组收集了 2133 名本科生的数据。正念饮食问卷评估了学生的正念状态，而耶鲁食物成瘾量表则诊断了 FA。参与者中 56.9%为女性，平均年龄为 21.5 ± 2.2 岁，平均体重指数（BMI）为 22.5 ± 3.8 kg/m²。尽管在性别方面没有观察到显著差异（p >.05），但男性（16.1%）的 FA 患病率高于女性。FA 的总体患病率为 15.3%，BMI ≥25 kg/m²的人群患病率高出 1.5 个单位。此外，吸烟者和戒烟者（p <.01）FA 的诊断率明显更高。此外，被诊断为 FA 的参与者的正念饮食评分明显较低（p <.001）。此外，那些正念水平较低的人患 FA 的风险高出 4.96 倍（p <.000）。被诊断为 FA 的参与者在“抑制”、“情绪性进食”、“进食控制”、“正念”和“干扰”等子量表的得分明显较低（p <.001）。因此，应该强调的是，长期来看，确定个体正念饮食水平可能对肥胖和 FA 都有显著和累积的影响。因此，增加正念饮食可能被建议作为控制年轻人 FA 的一项重要策略。
