Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
The Clinical Hospital of the Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Addict Biol. 2022 Jul;27(4):e13200. doi: 10.1111/adb.13200.
An increasing number of neuroimaging studies indicate functional alterations in cortico-striatal loops in individuals with substance use disorders (SUD). Dysregulations in these circuits may contribute to drug-seeking and drug-consuming behaviour by impeding inhibitory control, habit formation, and reward processing. Despite evidence of network-level changes in SUD, a shared pattern of functional alterations within and between spatially distributed brain networks has not been systematically investigated. The present meta-analytic investigation aims at identifying common alterations in resting-state functional connectivity patterns across different SUD, including stimulant, heroin, alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine use. To this aim, seed-based whole-brain connectivity maps for different functional networks were extracted and subjected to multi-level kernel density analysis to identify dysfunctional networks in individuals with SUD compared with healthy controls. In addition, an exploratory analysis examined substance-specific effects as well as the influence of drug use status on the main findings. Our findings indicate a hypoconnectivity pattern for the limbic, salience, and frontoparietal networks in individuals with SUD as compared with healthy controls. The default mode network additionally exhibited a complex pattern of hypo- and hyperconnectivity across the studies. The observed disrupted connectivity between networks in SUD may associate with deficient inhibitory control mechanisms that are thought to contribute to excessive craving and automatic drug-related behaviour as well as failure in substance use cessation. The identified network-based alterations in SUD represent potential treatment targets for neuromodulation, for example, network-based real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback. Such interventions can evaluate the behavioural relevance of the identified neural circuits.
越来越多的神经影像学研究表明，物质使用障碍（SUD）个体的皮质纹状体回路存在功能改变。这些回路的失调可能通过阻碍抑制控制、习惯形成和奖励处理，导致觅药和药物消费行为。尽管 SUD 存在网络水平的变化，但尚未系统研究空间分布的大脑网络内和网络间的功能改变的共享模式。本元分析研究旨在确定不同 SUD（包括兴奋剂、海洛因、酒精、大麻和尼古丁使用）静息态功能连接模式的常见改变。为此，针对不同的功能网络提取了基于种子的全脑连接图，并进行了多层次核密度分析，以确定 SUD 个体与健康对照组相比功能失调的网络。此外，还进行了一项探索性分析，以检查特定物质的影响以及药物使用状况对主要发现的影响。我们的研究结果表明，与健康对照组相比，SUD 个体的边缘、突显和额顶叶网络存在连接减少的模式。默认模式网络在研究中还表现出复杂的连接减少和增加的模式。在 SUD 中观察到的网络间连接中断可能与抑制控制机制缺陷有关，这些机制被认为有助于过度的渴望和自动与药物相关的行为，以及物质使用停止的失败。在 SUD 中识别出的基于网络的改变代表了神经调节的潜在治疗靶点，例如基于网络的实时功能磁共振成像（fMRI）神经反馈。这种干预可以评估所确定的神经回路的行为相关性。
