Laboratory for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, Division of Neurobiology, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.
J Parkinsons Dis. 2022;12(s1):S105-S112. doi: 10.3233/JPD-223237.
Microglia are the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system. Neuropathological reports have identified augmented microglial activation in brains of patients with neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD). Extensive research over the years has strengthened the current view on microglia as a player in the pathogenesis of PD and other α-synucleinopathies. In this review, we summarize key findings of the recent three years on microglia in PD with specific relevance to understanding its heterogeneity, dual nature, and specific interactions with pathological α-synuclein strains to mediate its clearance and spreading. This review provides evidence on the relevance of microglia as a putative biomarker and therapeutic target in PD and related disorders.
小胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的主要常驻免疫细胞。神经病理学报告已经确定，在包括帕金森病 (PD) 在内的神经退行性疾病患者的大脑中，小胶质细胞的激活增强了。多年来的广泛研究加强了当前对小胶质细胞作为 PD 和其他α-突触核蛋白病发病机制中参与者的观点。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近三年来关于 PD 中小胶质细胞的关键发现，特别是与理解其异质性、双重性质以及与病理性α-突触核蛋白菌株的特定相互作用以介导其清除和传播有关的发现。这篇综述提供了证据表明小胶质细胞作为 PD 及相关疾病的潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点具有相关性。
