Pandur Edina, Major Balázs, Rák Tibor, Sipos Katalin, Csutak Adrienne, Horváth Györgyi
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School-Clinical Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Jul 29;13(8):917. doi: 10.3390/antiox13080917.
Parkinson's disease is one of the most prevalent neurological disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. There is a growing demand for novel and natural substances as complementary therapies. Essential oils and their various compounds are highly investigated natural plant-based products as potential treatment options for common human diseases, such as microbial infections, chronic diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The present study focuses on the beneficial effects of linalool and geraniol, the major compounds of lavender ( L.) and geranium ( L'Hér. in Aiton) essential oils, on oxidative stress, inflammation, and iron metabolism of the rotenone and 6-hydroxydopamine-induced in vitro Parkinson's models. The experiments were carried out on all-trans retinoic acid differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The effects of linalool and geraniol were compared to rasagiline, an MAO-B inhibitor. The results revealed that both essential oil compounds reduce the level of reactive oxygen species and alter the antioxidant capacity of the cells. They lower the secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1β pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, linalool and geraniol change the expression of iron-related genes, such as the iron importer transferrin receptor 1, heme-oxygenase-1, and ferroportin iron exporter, and influence the intracellular iron contents. In addition, it has been unveiled that iron availability is concatenated with the actions of the essential oil compounds. Based on the results, linalool and geraniol are vigorous candidates as an alternative therapy for Parkinson's disease.
帕金森病是全球影响数百万人的最常见神经疾病之一。对新型天然物质作为辅助疗法的需求日益增长。精油及其各种化合物作为常见人类疾病（如微生物感染、慢性病和神经退行性疾病）的潜在治疗选择，是经过大量研究的天然植物基产品。本研究聚焦于薰衣草和天竺葵精油的主要成分芳樟醇和香叶醇对鱼藤酮和6-羟基多巴胺诱导的体外帕金森病模型的氧化应激、炎症和铁代谢的有益作用。实验在全反式维甲酸分化的SH-SY5Y细胞上进行。将芳樟醇和香叶醇的作用与单胺氧化酶B抑制剂雷沙吉兰进行比较。结果显示，这两种精油成分均降低了活性氧水平，并改变了细胞的抗氧化能力。它们降低了白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-8和白细胞介素-1β促炎细胞因子的分泌。此外，芳樟醇和香叶醇改变了铁相关基因的表达，如铁进口转运蛋白1、血红素加氧酶-1和铁输出蛋白铁转运蛋白，并影响细胞内铁含量。此外，研究还发现铁的可用性与精油成分的作用相关。基于这些结果，芳樟醇和香叶醇有望成为帕金森病替代疗法的有力候选药物。
