Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2023 May;26(7):854-863. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2022.2092728. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
Subdural hematoma (SDH) is common abnormality that is caused by the rupture of cerebral bridge veins (BVs). It occurs in more than 30% of severe head injuries. The purpose of this research was to develop a numerical model to examine the effects of brain atrophy and age on the rupture of bridging veins in subdural hematoma. Three types of models were developed to simulate subdural hematoma, namely global solid, global FSI, and local solid models. In the next step, a head impact with the head injury criterion (HIC) value of 744 was applied as a loading condition to global models. For the global solid models, we measured the relative displacement between the skull and brain. We extracted the pressure distribution from the global FSI models. The data were used as boundary conditions on the local models to evaluate the damage to the cerebral bridge veins precisely The results showed that the relative displacement was greater in the atrophied model compared to the healthy one (2.64 and 2.20 mm, respectively). In addition, the pressure value was higher in atrophied models. In the healthy local model, the maximum strain on BVs was around 1.38, while in the atrophied model, it was 2.77. The head impact, which had a HIC value of 744, did not cause serious injury to a human with a healthy brain, but it caused severe damage to an atrophied brain. The degeneration of the brain and intracranial space changes are two important factors for the movement of the brain and its vulnerability to impact.
硬膜下血肿（SDH）是一种常见的异常，由脑桥静脉（BVs）破裂引起。它发生在超过 30%的严重头部损伤中。本研究旨在开发一种数值模型，以研究脑萎缩和年龄对桥静脉破裂导致硬膜下血肿的影响。开发了三种类型的模型来模拟硬膜下血肿，即整体固体、整体 FSI 和局部固体模型。在下一步中，应用头部撞击的头部损伤准则（HIC）值为 744 作为加载条件应用于整体模型。对于整体固体模型，我们测量了颅骨和大脑之间的相对位移。我们从整体 FSI 模型中提取压力分布。将数据用作局部模型的边界条件，以精确评估脑桥静脉的损伤。结果表明，与健康模型相比，萎缩模型的相对位移更大（分别为 2.64 和 2.20mm）。此外，萎缩模型中的压力值更高。在健康的局部模型中，BV 上的最大应变约为 1.38，而在萎缩模型中，应变约为 2.77。头部撞击的 HIC 值为 744，不会对健康大脑的人造成严重伤害，但会对萎缩大脑造成严重损伤。大脑的退化和颅内空间的变化是大脑运动和对冲击易感性的两个重要因素。
