School of Clinical Medicine Laboratory, College of Health Science, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Jun 17;2022:7930567. doi: 10.1155/2022/7930567. eCollection 2022.
There is a lack of data on the burden of and among human immunodeficiency virus- (HIV-) infected pregnant women in South Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional study which included 385 HIV-infected pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at the King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban, South Africa. The women provided vaginal swabs which were tested for and . The prevalence of the individual STIs was as follows: (47/385, 12.2%) and (16/385, 4.1%). Having a circumcised partner, testing positive for , and perceiving themselves of being at risk for infection were shown to increase the risk for infection. Without controlling for the other factors, testing positive for increased the risk for infection by 10-fold (OR: 10.17, 95% CI: 3.39-29.66, < 0.001). Similarly, adjusting for the other factors, the risk for infection in women who tested positive for was 9-fold (OR: 9.16, 95% CI: 2.19-40.18, = 0.003). The following factors were associated with the increased risk of infection: not knowing their partner's HIV status, partner having other partners, and infection status. Without controlling for the other factors, testing positive for increased the risk for infection by 6-fold (OR: 6.52, 95% CI: 2.22-18.49, < 0.001). Similarly, adjusting for the other factors, the risk for infection in women who tested positive for was 6-fold (OR: 6.09, 95% CI: 1.73-22.03, = 0.005). We found a significant association between and in the pregnant women and the risk factors associated with these pathogens. Future studies are urgently required to investigate the impact of / coinfections in HIV pregnant women since this data is lacking in our setting. In addition, etiological screening of and during antenatal clinic is urgently required to prevent adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes associated with these infections.
在南非，人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染孕妇的负担和 及 感染的数据匮乏。我们进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了 385 名在南非德班爱德华八世国王医院就诊的 HIV 感染孕妇。这些女性提供了阴道拭子，用于检测 及 。各型性传播感染的患病率如下： （47/385，12.2%）和 （16/385，4.1%）。有已行包皮环切术的性伴侣、HIV 检测阳性，以及自我认为存在感染风险，这些因素均增加了 感染的风险。在未控制其他因素的情况下，HIV 检测阳性使 感染的风险增加 10 倍（比值比：10.17，95%置信区间：3.39-29.66，<0.001）。同样，在调整其他因素后，HIV 检测阳性女性发生 感染的风险增加 9 倍（比值比：9.16，95%置信区间：2.19-40.18，=0.003）。以下因素与 感染风险增加相关：不知道其伴侣的 HIV 状态、伴侣有其他性伴侣，以及 感染状态。在未控制其他因素的情况下，HIV 检测阳性使 感染的风险增加 6 倍（比值比：6.52，95%置信区间：2.22-18.49，<0.001）。同样，在调整其他因素后，HIV 检测阳性女性发生 感染的风险增加 6 倍（比值比：6.09，95%置信区间：1.73-22.03，=0.005）。我们发现，在这些孕妇中， 与 之间存在显著关联，且这些病原体的相关风险因素也存在关联。由于我们的研究环境缺乏相关数据，因此迫切需要开展研究来调查 HIV 感染孕妇中 / 合并感染的影响。此外，迫切需要在产前门诊进行 及 感染的病因筛查，以预防与这些感染相关的不良妊娠和分娩结局。
