van Hest A, van Haaren F, van de Poll N E
Physiol Behav. 1987;39(2):263-7. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(87)90019-9.
Female rats are more active and explore more than males. In addition, females make fewer unreinforced responses on schedules which maintain low rates of responding (DRL). When general activity is high, subjects are more likely to engage in activities other than lever pressing. To test this hypothesis, male and female Wistar rats were trained to hold a response lever depressed for a minimum duration of 10 seconds. Reinforcement was delivered upon release of the lever. Females spent a significant smaller proportion of the total session time depressing the response lever than males. Differences between males and females in the number of unreinforced responses were not observed. Providing subjects with objects to promote collateral activities decreased the proportion of total session time subjects spent depressing the response lever for females, but not for males. An effect on the number of unreinforced responses was not observed.
雌性大鼠比雄性大鼠更活跃，探索行为也更多。此外，在维持低反应率的程序（DRL）中，雌性大鼠做出的无强化反应更少。当总体活动量较高时，实验对象更有可能从事除按压杠杆之外的其他活动。为了验证这一假设，对雄性和雌性Wistar大鼠进行训练，使其保持按压反应杠杆至少10秒。杠杆松开时给予强化。与雄性大鼠相比，雌性大鼠在整个实验过程中按压反应杠杆的时间占总时间的比例显著更小。未观察到雄性和雌性大鼠在无强化反应数量上的差异。为实验对象提供促进附带活动的物品，减少了雌性大鼠在整个实验过程中按压反应杠杆的时间占总时间的比例，但对雄性大鼠没有影响。未观察到对无强化反应数量的影响。
