Anani Osikemekha Anthony, Abel Inobeme, Olomukoro John Ovie, Onyeachu Ikenna Benedict
Laboratory for Ecotoxicology and Forensic Biology, Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Edo State University, Uzairue, Edo State Nigeria.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Edo State University, Uzairue, Auchi, Edo State Nigeria.
J Proteins Proteom. 2022;13(3):159-173. doi: 10.1007/s42485-022-00090-5. Epub 2022 Jun 20.
Metal pollution of water and soil ecosystems has been linked to stress and/or toxicity in plants, thus affecting the quality and productivity of food crops. This condition has further aggravated the essential food demand caused by the increase in the human population. Reports from previous studies have shown that correcting the noxiousness due to metal stress tolerance, requires several modes of action in the systemic, tissue, cellular, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels in food crops which might be apparent in terms of enhanced productivity. The possible targets of the toxicity impact of metals in food crops are the MG (methylglyoxal) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) which could result in damage to the DNA structure, enzymes inactivation, protein oxidation, and lipids' peroxidation. This current review evaluates insights into proteomics and metabolomics of metal chelation in food crops with special effects on the toxicity, tolerance, and partitioning of metals towards better health. Detailed information on the biochemical and physiological mechanisms of plant stress from metal induction and tolerance was highlighted. The specific information of various tolerance strategies of food crops under trace element toxicity, the function of metabolites, proteins, and food crop hormones in stress tolerance to heavy presences of metal contents in plants is discussed. Information on the partitioning of trace elements in food crops was enlisted. The health benefits and possible risks from the consumption of trace metals in food crops were evaluated followed by recommending the future research directions.
水和土壤生态系统的金属污染与植物的胁迫和/或毒性有关，从而影响粮食作物的质量和生产力。这种情况进一步加剧了人口增长所导致的基本粮食需求。以往研究报告表明，要通过耐金属胁迫来纠正毒性，需要在粮食作物的系统、组织、细胞、生理、生化和分子水平上采取多种作用方式，这可能在提高生产力方面表现明显。金属对粮食作物毒性影响的可能靶点是甲基乙二醛（MG）和活性氧（ROS），它们可能导致DNA结构损伤、酶失活、蛋白质氧化和脂质过氧化。本综述评估了粮食作物中金属螯合的蛋白质组学和代谢组学见解，特别关注金属的毒性、耐受性和分配对健康的影响。强调了金属诱导和耐受性导致植物胁迫的生化和生理机制的详细信息。讨论了粮食作物在微量元素毒性下的各种耐受策略的具体信息、代谢物、蛋白质和粮食作物激素在植物对高含量金属胁迫耐受性中的作用。列出了粮食作物中微量元素分配的信息。评估了食用粮食作物中微量金属的健康益处和潜在风险，随后推荐了未来的研究方向。
