Narayanan Mathiyazhagan, Ma Ying
Department of Biotechnology, Division of Research and Innovation, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India.
College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Jun 9;13:929730. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.929730. eCollection 2022.
A number of anthropogenic and weathering activities accumulate heavy metals in soils, causing adverse effects on soil characteristics, microbial activity (diversity), agricultural practices, and underground aquifers. Controlling soil heavy metal pollution is difficult due to its persistence in soils, resulting in the deposition and transmission into the food web agricultural food products, ultimately affecting human health. This review critically explores the potential for remediation of metal-contaminated soils using a biochar-based responsible approach. Plant-based biochar is an auspicious bio-based residue substance that can be used for metal-polluted soil remediation and soil improvement as a sustainable approach. Plants with rapid growth and increased biomass can meet the requirements for phytoremediation in large quantities. Recent research indicates significant progress in understanding the mechanisms of metal accumulation and contaminant movement in plants used for phytoremediation of metal-contaminated soil. Excessive contamination reduces plant biomass and growth, which has substantial hyperaccumulating possibilities and is detrimental to the phytoremediation process. Biochar derived from various plant sources can promote the growth and phytoremediation competence of native or wild plants grown in metal-polluted soil. Carbon-enriched biochar encourages native microbial growth by neutralizing pH and providing nutritional support. Thus, this review critically discusses the influence of plant and agricultural waste-based biochar on plant phytoremediation potential in metal-contaminated soils.
许多人为活动和风化活动会使土壤中积累重金属，对土壤特性、微生物活性（多样性）、农业生产以及地下含水层产生不利影响。由于土壤中重金属污染具有持久性，导致其在土壤中沉积并进入食物网——农产品中，最终影响人类健康，因此控制土壤重金属污染十分困难。本综述批判性地探讨了采用基于生物炭的负责任方法修复金属污染土壤的潜力。植物基生物炭是一种 auspicious 的生物基残留物质，可作为一种可持续方法用于金属污染土壤的修复和土壤改良。生长迅速且生物量增加的植物能够大量满足植物修复的要求。近期研究表明，在理解用于金属污染土壤植物修复的植物中金属积累和污染物迁移机制方面取得了重大进展。过度污染会降低植物生物量和生长，这具有很大的超积累可能性，并且对植物修复过程不利。源自各种植物源的生物炭可以促进在金属污染土壤中生长的本地或野生植物的生长和植物修复能力。富含碳的生物炭通过中和pH值并提供营养支持来促进本地微生物生长。因此，本综述批判性地讨论了基于植物和农业废弃物的生物炭对金属污染土壤中植物植物修复潜力的影响。
