Moriishi Chihiro, Maeda Shunta, Ogishima Hiroyoshi, Shimada Hironori
Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 15-579-2 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University, 1-27 Kawauchi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8576, Japan.
Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2021 May 26;7:100060. doi: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100060. eCollection 2021 Aug.
While exposure-based treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD) has been shown to be effective, the high relapse rate remains a problem. Although relapse has been understood as the inability to retrieve extinction memory, the factors that influence the extent of retrieval of extinction memory have not been determined. This study aimed to examine whether the cortisol response to acute stressors in socially anxious individuals inhibits the retrieval of extinction memory, focusing on the cortisol response to acute stressors as a factor. Thirty-nine participants who scored 42 or more on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale participated in the experiment for two consecutive days. On the first day, a fear conditioning task aimed at learning fear and extinction memory was administered, and on the second day, a psychosocial stress task (Trier Social Stress Test; TSST) was conducted, followed by an extinction retrieval test. The results indicated that cortisol responsiveness (Responder/Non-responder) was not associated with the retrieval of extinction memory indexed by subjective and physiological measures. However, a supplementary analysis revealed that the total amount of cortisol secretion was associated with attenuated retrieval of extinction memory. These findings suggest that the total cortisol secretions, rather than cortisol responsiveness to the acute stressor, may play a role in relapse.
虽然基于暴露的社交焦虑障碍（SAD）治疗已被证明是有效的，但高复发率仍然是一个问题。尽管复发被理解为无法提取消退记忆，但影响消退记忆提取程度的因素尚未确定。本研究旨在探讨社交焦虑个体对急性应激源的皮质醇反应是否会抑制消退记忆的提取，重点关注对急性应激源的皮质醇反应这一因素。39名在利博维茨社交焦虑量表上得分42分及以上的参与者连续两天参加了实验。第一天，进行旨在学习恐惧和消退记忆的恐惧条件任务，第二天，进行心理社会应激任务（特里尔社会应激测试；TSST），随后进行消退提取测试。结果表明，皮质醇反应性（反应者/无反应者）与通过主观和生理指标衡量的消退记忆提取无关。然而，一项补充分析显示，皮质醇分泌总量与消退记忆提取减弱有关。这些发现表明，皮质醇的总分泌量而非对急性应激源的皮质醇反应性可能在复发中起作用。
