Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China.
School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
Mediators Inflamm. 2022 Jun 17;2022:1707122. doi: 10.1155/2022/1707122. eCollection 2022.
Microglia in the penumbra shifted from M2 to M1 phenotype between 3 and 5 days after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, which promoted local inflammation and injury. Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction (SGD) has been found to result in a significant upregulation of IL-13 in the penumbra, which has been shown to induce polarization of M2 microglia. There was thus a hypothesis that SGD could exert an anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect by activating IL-13 to induce microglia polarization towards M2 phenotype, and the purpose of this study was to explore the influence of SGD on microglia phenotype switching and its possible mechanism. Rats who received middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery (MCAO) were treated with SGD for 3 or 6 days, to investigate the therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanism of SGD for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RP). The results indicated that SGD improved neurobehavioral scores and reduced apoptosis. Furthermore, SGD significantly decreased M1 microglia and M1-like markers, but increased M2 microglia and M2 markers. Moreover, higher levels of IL-13 and ratios of p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT6/STAT6 were found in the SGD group compared to the MCAO. In conclusion, it was verified that SGD prevented injury by driving microglia phenotypic switching from M1 to M2, probably via IL-13 and its downstream JAK2-STAT6 pathway. Given that no further validation tests were included in this study, it is necessary to conduct more experiments to confirm the reliability of the above results.
缺血再灌注后 3 至 5 天，半影区的小胶质细胞从 M2 表型向 M1 表型转变，从而促进局部炎症和损伤。研究发现，芍药甘草汤（SGD）可使半影区的 IL-13 显著上调，从而诱导 M2 小胶质细胞极化。因此，有假说认为 SGD 可以通过激活 IL-13 诱导小胶质细胞向 M2 表型极化来发挥抗炎和神经保护作用，本研究旨在探讨 SGD 对半影区小胶质细胞表型转换的影响及其可能的机制。对接受大脑中动脉闭塞手术（MCAO）的大鼠给予 SGD 治疗 3 或 6 天，以研究 SGD 对脑缺血再灌注损伤（CI/RP）的治疗作用及其机制。结果表明，SGD 改善了神经行为评分并减少了细胞凋亡。此外，SGD 还显著降低了 M1 小胶质细胞和 M1 样标志物的表达，而增加了 M2 小胶质细胞和 M2 标志物的表达。此外，与 MCAO 组相比，SGD 组的 IL-13 水平以及 p-JAK2/JAK2 和 p-STAT6/STAT6 的比值更高。总之，SGD 通过驱动小胶质细胞从 M1 表型向 M2 表型转化来预防损伤，可能是通过 IL-13 及其下游 JAK2-STAT6 通路。由于本研究未包含进一步的验证试验，因此有必要进行更多的实验来确认上述结果的可靠性。
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