Section for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Microb Drug Resist. 2022 Jul;28(7):780-786. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2021.0264. Epub 2022 Jun 27.
The study explored the potential colonization and characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the gut of free-range poultry from the rural households in Bangladesh. From 48 households located in several rural regions (eastern, western, and southern) of Bangladesh, 180 poultry fecal samples were collected to isolate ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae. ESBL producers were characterized by susceptibility testing, conjugation experiment, conventional polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) followed by sequencing. Total 23% (42/180) poultry were ESBL positive consisting of ( = 41) and ( = 1). ESBL producers were resistant to Cefotaxime (CTX; 100%), Cefepime (100%), Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (36%), Ciprofloxacin (31%), and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (24%), and 12% isolates were multidrug resistant. All ESBL producers were carrying -like genotype.Isolates were also carrying genes for quinolone resistance [, ], silver resistance (), and mercury resistance (). Isolates were negative for 025b-ST131 clone, and gene. The repetitive element PCR revealed 15 different clones of and some of these clones were found to be common in 3 sampling locations. MLST analysis of revealed 9 different sequence types (STs); ST4, ST156, ST542, ST1140, ST1290, ST4628, ST5114, ST9768, and ST11317. ESBL producers were carrying transferable plasmids and 4 different plasmid replicon types; (29%), (7%), (7%), and (5%). The findings from the study confirmed that free-range poultry are potential ESBL carriers with coresistance to other antibiotic classes, metals, and biocides. This study confirms that free-range poultry in Bangladesh living close to humans without any direct antibiotic exposure could carry ESBL bacteria. Free-range poultry could be reservoir as well as a potential spreader of pathogenic and antibiotic- or biocide-resistant genes.
本研究旨在探索农村家庭散养家禽肠道中产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的肠杆菌科的定植和特征。从孟加拉国东部、西部和南部几个农村地区的 48 户家庭中，采集了 180 份家禽粪便样本，以分离产 ESBL 的肠杆菌科。通过药敏试验、接合实验、常规聚合酶链反应（PCR）和多位点序列分型（MLST）以及测序对 ESBL 产生菌进行了特征描述。共有 23%（42/180）的家禽呈 ESBL 阳性，其中 （ = 41）和 （ = 1）。ESBL 产生菌对头孢噻肟（CTX；100%）、头孢吡肟（100%）、阿莫西林克拉维酸（36%）、环丙沙星（31%）和复方磺胺甲噁唑（24%）耐药，12%的分离株为多药耐药。所有 ESBL 产生菌均携带 blaCTX-M-like 基因型。分离株还携带喹诺酮耐药基因 [, ]、银耐药基因 () 和汞耐药基因 ()。分离株对 025b-ST131 克隆、和 基因呈阴性。重复元件 PCR 显示 有 15 种不同的克隆，其中一些克隆在 3 个采样地点均有发现。对 进行 MLST 分析显示，有 9 种不同的序列类型（ST）；ST4、ST156、ST542、ST1140、ST1290、ST4628、ST5114、ST9768 和 ST11317。ESBL 产生菌携带可转移质粒，且有 4 种不同的质粒复制子类型； （29%）、 （7%）、 （7%）和 （5%）。本研究证实，散养家禽是具有其他抗生素类、金属和消毒剂共同耐药性的潜在 ESBL 携带者。本研究证实，孟加拉国的散养家禽与人类生活在一起，尽管没有直接接触抗生素，但也可能携带 ESBL 细菌。散养家禽可能既是病原体和抗生素/消毒剂耐药基因的储存库，也是潜在的传播者。
