University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Nurs Manag. 2022 Sep;30(6):1861-1868. doi: 10.1111/jonm.13727. Epub 2022 Jul 11.
This study aimed to examine the degree and severity of workplace bullying in nurses and to assess the relationship between bullying and work environment factors.
Workplace bullying occurs in nursing at an alarming rate and may escalate with more adverse working conditions.
Online survey data from a nationally representative sample of 1,170 U.S. registered nurses, collected between 2020 and 2021, were analysed. Five items measuring workplace bullying were used to identify bullying subgroups (unbullied, bullied but unrecognized, moderate bullying and severe bullying) using latent profile analysis. Ordinal logistic regression examined relationships between workplace factors and bullying.
Over 40% of nurses reported being bullied in the past year. Four bullying subgroups were distinguished. Inadequate staffing, lack of time to get the job done and lack of breaks away from the work area were all significantly associated with severe bullying.
Ensuring adequate staffing based on patient needs and nurse competency can mitigate workplace bullying in nurses. Further studies are needed to examine the effectiveness of stress reduction programmes on bullying using longitudinal designs.
This result indicates a critical need to improve nursing work environments, which could provide many benefits for nursing workforces, including potential to lessen bullying severity that adversely affects nurse well-being.
本研究旨在调查护士工作场所中欺凌行为的程度和严重程度，并评估欺凌行为与工作环境因素之间的关系。
在护理领域，工作场所欺凌行为的发生率令人震惊，而且随着工作条件的恶化，这种行为可能会加剧。
分析了 2020 年至 2021 年期间从全美范围内抽取的 1170 名注册护士的在线调查数据。使用潜在剖面分析，使用五项衡量工作场所欺凌行为的指标来确定欺凌亚组（未受欺凌、未被识别的受欺凌、中度欺凌和严重欺凌）。有序逻辑回归分析了工作场所因素与欺凌行为之间的关系。
超过 40%的护士报告在过去一年中曾受到欺凌。确定了四个欺凌亚组。人员配备不足、没有足够的时间完成工作以及没有休息时间离开工作区域都与严重欺凌行为显著相关。
根据患者需求和护士能力确保充足的人员配备可以减轻护士工作场所中的欺凌行为。需要进一步研究使用纵向设计来检验减压计划对欺凌行为的有效性。
这一结果表明，迫切需要改善护理工作环境，这将为护理人员带来许多好处，包括减轻可能对护士福祉产生不利影响的欺凌行为的严重程度。
