Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM Lisboa), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Centro de Biotecnologia Vegetal (CBV), DBV, C2, Piso 1, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
CIMO, Centro de Investigação de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
Food Res Int. 2022 Jul;157:111362. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111362. Epub 2022 May 14.
The quality evaluation and physicochemical parameters assessment of Portuguese monofloral honeys were performed. Fifty-one monofloral honeys were collected from several regions from mainland Portugal, and from the Azores islands, producer labelled as carob tree (n = 5), chestnut (n = 2), eucalyptus (n = 5), bell heather (n = 6), incense (n = 4), lavender (n = 8), orange (n = 9), rape (n = 2), raspberry (n = 2), rosemary (n = 1), sunflower (n = 3), and strawberry tree (n = 4). Pollen analysis and microbiological safety were evaluated, and the parameters such as colour index, moisture content, electrical conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural, pH, free and total acidity, diastase activity, proline, and sugar profile were assessed for physicochemical characterization, in all 51 monofloral honeys. After melissopalynological examination, the honeys were either confirmed as monofloral, or classified as multifloral with predominance of a specific pollen type or multifloral. Microbiological analysis showed that honeys were safe for human consumption. Pairwise comparisons of physicochemical parameters, using only honey types with n ≥ 3, revealed significant differences between honey types. Despite some homogeneity in sugar profile among honeys, eucalyptus honey was significantly different in glucose, maltose and maltulose content compared to incense, orange and sunflower honeys, and also exhibited a higher isomaltose amount compared to all analyzed honeys. Electrical conductivity, colour index, free and total acidity, and diastase activity showed significant differences between the analyzed honeys, indicating that these parameters may provide an additional tool in monofloral honey identification.
对葡萄牙单花蜜蜂蜜的质量评价和理化参数评估进行了研究。从葡萄牙本土和亚速尔群岛的几个地区采集了 51 种单花蜜蜂蜜，生产者标签为角豆树（n=5）、栗树（n=2）、桉树（n=5）、石楠花（n=6）、香脂（n=4）、薰衣草（n=8）、橙树（n=9）、油菜（n=2）、覆盆子（n=2）、迷迭香（n=1）、向日葵（n=3）和石楠树（n=4）。对花粉分析和微生物安全进行了评估，并评估了所有 51 种单花蜜蜂蜜的颜色指数、水分含量、电导率、羟甲基糠醛、pH 值、游离和总酸度、酶活性、脯氨酸和糖谱等理化特性参数。经过蜜粉学检查，这些蜂蜜要么被确认为单花蜜，要么被归类为特定花粉类型占优势的多花蜜或多花蜜。微生物分析表明，这些蜂蜜适合人类食用。仅使用 n≥3 的蜂蜜类型进行理化参数的两两比较，结果表明蜂蜜类型之间存在显著差异。尽管蜂蜜的糖谱存在一定的同质性，但与香脂、橙树和向日葵蜂蜜相比，桉树蜂蜜的葡萄糖、麦芽糖和麦芽三糖含量明显不同，与所有分析的蜂蜜相比，异麦芽糖含量也更高。电导率、颜色指数、游离和总酸度以及酶活性在分析的蜂蜜之间存在显著差异，表明这些参数可能为单花蜜蜂蜜的鉴定提供额外的工具。
