Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University, 1-3, Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, Japan.
Faculty of Psychology, Doshisha University, 1-3, Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, Japan.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2022 Sep;50(5):481-492. doi: 10.1017/S135246582200025X. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
Empirical studies between anger and anger-provoking cognitive variables in children and adolescents are lacking, despite numerous studies on internalising and externalising problems.
The purpose of this study was to develop new questionnaires for anger-provoking cognitive errors and automatic thoughts, and examine relationships between anger, cognitive errors, and automatic thoughts in children and adolescents.
Participants were 485 Japanese children and adolescents aged 9-15 years old (254 females; average age 12.07; = 1.81). They completed the Anger Children's Cognitive Error Scale (A-CCES) and the Anger Children's Automatic Thought Scale (A-CATS), which were developed in this study, as well as the Anger Scale for Children and Adolescents and the Japanese version of Short Spence Children's Anxiety Scale.
Both the A-CCES and the A-CATS had adequate reliability (internal consistency) and validity (face validity, structural validity and construct validity). A hierarchal regression analysis indicated that automatic thoughts were positively and moderately related to anger ( = .37) after controlling for age, gender, anxiety symptoms, cognitive errors and interaction term. Moreover, a mediation analysis indicated that automatic thoughts significantly mediated the relationship between cognitive errors and anger (indirect effect, 0.24; 95% CI: .020 to .036).
This study developed the new questionnaires to assess anger-provoking cognitive errors and automatic thoughts. In addition, this study revealed that automatic thoughts rather than cognitive errors are associated with anger in children and adolescents.
尽管有许多关于内化和外化问题的研究，但儿童和青少年的愤怒与愤怒诱发认知变量之间的实证研究仍然缺乏。
本研究旨在开发新的愤怒诱发认知错误和自动思维问卷，并探讨儿童和青少年愤怒、认知错误和自动思维之间的关系。
参与者为 485 名 9-15 岁的日本儿童和青少年（254 名女性；平均年龄 12.07； = 1.81）。他们完成了本研究中开发的愤怒儿童认知错误量表（A-CCES）和愤怒儿童自动思维量表（A-CATS），以及儿童和青少年愤怒量表和日本短斯宾塞儿童焦虑量表。
A-CCES 和 A-CATS 均具有足够的信度（内部一致性）和效度（表面效度、结构效度和构念效度）。层次回归分析表明，在控制年龄、性别、焦虑症状、认知错误和交互项后，自动思维与愤怒呈正相关且中度相关（ =.37）。此外，中介分析表明，自动思维显著中介了认知错误与愤怒之间的关系（间接效应，0.24；95%置信区间：.020 至.036）。
本研究开发了新的问卷来评估愤怒诱发的认知错误和自动思维。此外，本研究表明，在儿童和青少年中，自动思维而不是认知错误与愤怒相关。
