中文医院母乳喂养教育：一项横断面研究。

Breastfeeding education in Chinese hospitals: A cross-sectional study.

机构信息

Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China.

出版信息

Int J Nurs Stud. 2022 Sep;133:104310. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104310. Epub 2022 Jun 11.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2022.104310

PMID:35764026

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Breastfeeding education plays a crucial role in improving breastfeeding outcomes and has been employed in many medical institutions across China.

OBJECTIVES

To describe the current situation of breastfeeding education provided by hospitals to women in China, and to identify relevant factors associated with the exclusive breastfeeding rate at hospital discharge and the early breastfeeding initiation rate.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional study design.

SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS

We used an online survey platform called WenjuanXing to collect data from 2985 hospitals in China.

METHODS

We designed a questionnaire to collect data. The Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's chi-square test were used to identify the differences between the different types and levels of hospitals. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors associated with the exclusive breastfeeding rate at hospital discharge and the early breastfeeding initiation rate.

RESULTS

A total of 2941 hospitals were included in the data analysis. In 86% of hospitals midwives were providing breastfeeding education on weekdays during the daytime. Information on how to deal with mastitis (80.8%) and weaning methods (71.5%) was less commonly provided to women. The hospitals often conducted breastfeeding education through antenatal education sessions and bedside health education, while 34.2% of hospitals used smartphone applications. The obstacles to conducting breastfeeding education in hospitals were a lack of full-time staff dedicated to breastfeeding education (43.3%) and limited funds invested in breastfeeding education (42.5%). A lack of full-time staff dedicated to breastfeeding education (OR, 0.689; 95% CI, 0.498-0.953) and a lack of space (OR, 0.697; 95% CI, 0.487-0.997) were associated with the exclusive breastfeeding rate at hospital discharge. Furthermore, a lack of full-time staff dedicated to breastfeeding education (OR, 0.372; 95% CI, 0.235-0.589) was associated with the early breastfeeding initiation rate.

CONCLUSIONS

To improve breastfeeding outcomes, hospital managers and policymakers should increase the number of midwives and full-time staff who are dedicated to breastfeeding education, resolve the obstacles of limited funds and space for breastfeeding education, and explore more approaches to providing knowledge on breastfeeding to women and their families.

摘要

背景

母乳喂养教育在中国的许多医疗机构中发挥着重要作用，对于改善母乳喂养结局具有重要意义。

目的

描述中国医院为产妇提供母乳喂养教育的现状，确定与产后纯母乳喂养率和早期母乳喂养开始率相关的因素。

设计

横断面研究。

设置和参与者

我们使用在线调查平台问卷星收集了中国 2985 家医院的数据。

方法

我们设计了一份问卷来收集数据。采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Pearson 卡方检验来比较不同类型和级别医院之间的差异。采用二元逻辑回归分析来分析与产后纯母乳喂养率和早期母乳喂养开始率相关的因素。

结果

共纳入 2941 家医院进行数据分析。86%的医院在工作日白天由助产士提供母乳喂养教育。较少向产妇提供乳腺炎处理（80.8%）和离乳方法（71.5%）的信息。医院通常通过产前教育课程和床边健康教育进行母乳喂养教育，而 34.2%的医院使用智能手机应用程序。医院开展母乳喂养教育的障碍是缺乏专职母乳喂养教育人员（43.3%）和投入母乳喂养教育的资金有限（42.5%）。缺乏专职母乳喂养教育人员（比值比，0.689；95%置信区间，0.498-0.953）和缺乏空间（比值比，0.697；95%置信区间，0.487-0.997）与产后纯母乳喂养率相关。此外，缺乏专职母乳喂养教育人员（比值比，0.372；95%置信区间，0.235-0.589）与早期母乳喂养开始率相关。