Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China.
Thomas E.Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, USA.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2022 Jul;24(7):937-944. doi: 10.1111/jch.14534. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of smoking intensity trajectory, cumulative smoking exposure, and the number of years since quitting on the subsequent risk of hypertension in Chinese adults. The study included 2783 men and 3416 women who participated in at least three waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Information regarding smoking behavior was obtained using a standardized questionnaire. The trajectory of smoking intensity was determined using a group-based trajectory model. The number of pack-years of smoking and the number of years since quitting were calculated. The incidence of hypertension was 18.2% and 15.5% in men and women, respectively, during a median follow-up duration of 4 years. Male participants with trajectories denoting light and moderate smoking had increased risks of hypertension compared with those with trajectories denoting non-smoking (P < .05). Compared with male participants with 0 pack-years, those with < 5.5 pack-years had a higher risk of hypertension (P < .05). Male participants with ≥5.5 pack-years and weight gain had a higher risk of hypertension compared with those with 0 pack-years and weight loss (P < .05). However, smoking was not related to an increased risk of hypertension in women. Additionally, similar to never smoking, having quit within 2-5 years or ≥5 years was not associated with the incidence of hypertension in men. The results of this study showed that light/moderate smoking or high cumulative smoking exposure accompanied by weight gain increased the risk of hypertension in Chinese men and smoking cessation decreased this effect.
本研究旨在探讨吸烟强度轨迹、累积吸烟暴露量以及戒烟年限对中国成年人高血压发病风险的影响。研究纳入了至少参加过三次中国健康与营养调查的 2783 名男性和 3416 名女性。吸烟行为信息通过标准化问卷获得。采用基于群组的轨迹模型确定吸烟强度轨迹。计算吸烟包年数和戒烟年限。在中位随访 4 年期间，男性和女性的高血压发病率分别为 18.2%和 15.5%。与不吸烟轨迹相比，轻烟和中烟轨迹的男性参与者患高血压的风险增加（P ＜.05）。与 0 包年的男性参与者相比，＜5.5 包年的参与者患高血压的风险更高（P ＜.05）。与 0 包年且体重减轻的男性参与者相比，≥5.5 包年且体重增加的男性参与者患高血压的风险更高（P ＜.05）。然而，吸烟与女性高血压风险增加无关。此外，与从不吸烟相似，戒烟 2-5 年或≥5 年与男性高血压发病率无关。本研究结果表明，轻/中烟或高累积吸烟暴露量伴体重增加会增加中国男性患高血压的风险，而戒烟会降低这种效应。
