Sherimova S K, Sarsembayeva N B, Abdigaliyeva T B, Lozowicka B
Department of Veterinary Sanitary Examination and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Department of Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Technologies, Almaty Technological University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Vet World. 2022 May;15(5):1228-1236. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1228-1236. Epub 2022 May 21.
Dairy cattle breeding plays a significant role in providing the population with high-quality, reasonably priced goods. The development of this industry and its effectiveness depends on the proper use of available feed products. Feed additives (FAs), as a rule, should compensate for missing elements in the diet. This study aimed to determine the effect of the FA Vermikom on blood parameters, as well as milk physicochemical and mineral composition and yield in lactating dairy cows.
A total of 30 Holstein cows, with an average weight of 650±5 kg, were randomly divided into three groups of 10. Over a period of 5 months, each group was fed one of three diets: Mixed main diet without supplements (control), main diet supplemented with 2% Vermikom, and main diet supplemented with 4% Vermikom.
Hematological parameters, productivity, and physicochemical and mineral composition of milk from animals provided the FA Vermikom were higher than those of the control group. In the Vermikom groups, the hemoglobin content was higher by 5.75%, calcium by an average of 10.8%, and total protein by 2.5%. The average daily milk yield was also higher by 8.4% than the control group. Regarding the mineral composition of the milk, the content of calcium, phosphorus, and iron exceeded that of the control on average by 2.9%, 3.4%, and 14.8%, respectively.
We propose introducing 4% Vermikom into the diet of dairy cows based on the study results. Future research will expand our knowledge regarding cows' needs for all recommended nutrients, thereby improving animal productivity and milk quality. The results obtained contribute to further expanding the food base of animal husbandry in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
奶牛养殖在为民众提供高质量、价格合理的产品方面发挥着重要作用。该行业的发展及其成效取决于对现有饲料产品的合理利用。通常，饲料添加剂应补充日粮中缺失的元素。本研究旨在确定饲料添加剂Vermikom对泌乳奶牛血液参数、牛奶理化和矿物质成分以及产奶量的影响。
总共30头平均体重为650±5千克的荷斯坦奶牛被随机分为三组，每组10头。在5个月的时间里，每组奶牛分别饲喂三种日粮中的一种：不添加补充剂的混合主日粮（对照组）、添加2% Vermikom的主日粮以及添加4% Vermikom的主日粮。
饲喂Vermikom的动物的血液学参数、生产性能以及牛奶的理化和矿物质成分均高于对照组。在Vermikom组中，血红蛋白含量高出5.75%，钙平均高出10.8%，总蛋白高出2.5%。平均日产奶量也比对照组高出8.4%。关于牛奶的矿物质成分，钙、磷和铁的含量分别比对照组平均高出2.9%、3.4%和14.8%。
基于研究结果，我们建议在奶牛日粮中添加4%的Vermikom。未来的研究将扩展我们对奶牛所需全部推荐营养素的认识，从而提高动物生产性能和牛奶质量。所获得的结果有助于进一步扩大哈萨克斯坦共和国畜牧业的食物基础。
