[Ectopic atrial tachycardia: surgical therapy (case report and review of the literature)].

Focal atrial tachycardia with frequencies up to 200/min in an 11-year-old girl had been resistant to drugs over a period of 5 years. An electrophysiological study demonstrated a left atrial ectopic tachycardia. Intraoperative epicardial mapping localized the automatic focus at the base of the left atrial appendage. Excision of the appendage and cryoablation of the adjacent area were performed using cardiopulmonary bypass. Histological examination of the excised tissue showed no specific alterations aside from islets of fatty tissue. The girl has been in sinus rhythm and has shown no tachycardias during the 6 months following the operation. Review of the literature covering 17 cases of right and 12 cases of left atrial focal tachycardia indicates excision of the atrial tissue in combination with cryoablation to be the treatment of choice to ensure success.