Ferrante Giuliana, Fasola Salvatore, Cilluffo Giovanna, Piacentini Giorgio, Viegi Giovanni, La Grutta Stefania
Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, Pediatric Division, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy.
Front Public Health. 2022 Jun 14;10:871140. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.871140. eCollection 2022.
Developmental age is particularly vulnerable to impacts of environmental exposures. Until recent years, the field of environment and child health has predominantly relied on the study of single exposure-health effect relationships. The exposome is an emerging concept in epidemiology, encompassing the totality of the exposures experienced by an individual throughout life and their changes over time. This innovative approach provides a risk profile instead of individual predictors. Exposome research may contribute to better understand the complex relationships between environmental exposures and childhood respiratory health, in order to implement prevention strategies and mitigate adverse health outcomes across the life span. Indeed, an accurate assessment of the exposome needs several measurements as well as different technologies. High-throughput "omics" technologies may be promising tools to integrate a wide range of exposures. However, analyzing large and complex datasets requires the development of advanced statistical tools. This narrative review summarizes the current knowledge on exposome-based approaches in pediatric respiratory health. Further, it explores practical implementation, associated evidence gaps, research limitations and future research perspectives.
发育年龄特别容易受到环境暴露的影响。直到近年来，环境与儿童健康领域主要依赖于对单一暴露与健康效应关系的研究。暴露组是流行病学中的一个新兴概念，涵盖个体一生中所经历的全部暴露及其随时间的变化。这种创新方法提供的是一种风险概况而非个体预测因素。暴露组研究可能有助于更好地理解环境暴露与儿童呼吸系统健康之间的复杂关系，以便实施预防策略并减轻一生当中的不良健康后果。的确，对暴露组进行准确评估需要多次测量以及不同技术。高通量“组学”技术可能是整合广泛暴露信息的有前景的工具。然而，分析大型复杂数据集需要开发先进的统计工具。本叙述性综述总结了目前关于基于暴露组方法在儿科呼吸健康方面的知识。此外，还探讨了实际应用、相关证据空白、研究局限性及未来研究前景。
