Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Environ Int. 2020 Nov;144:106038. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106038. Epub 2020 Aug 24.
Early onset and high prevalence of allergic diseases result in high individual and socio-economic burdens. Several studies provide evidence for possible effects of environmental factors on allergic diseases, but these are mainly single-exposure studies. The exposome provides a novel holistic approach by simultaneously studying a large set of exposures. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between a broad range of prenatal and childhood environmental exposures and allergy-related outcomes in children.
Analyses of associations between 90 prenatal and 107 childhood exposures and allergy-related outcomes (last 12 months: rhinitis and itchy rash; ever: doctor-diagnosed eczema and food allergy) in 6-11 years old children (n = 1270) from the European Human Early-Life Exposome cohort were performed. Initially, we used an exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) considering the exposures independently, followed by a deletion-substitution-addition selection (DSA) algorithm considering all exposures simultaneously. All the exposure variables selected in the DSA were included in a final multi-exposure model using binomial general linear model (GLM).
In ExWAS, no exposures were associated with the outcomes after correction for multiple comparison. In multi-exposure models for prenatal exposures, lower distance of residence to nearest road and higher di-iso-nonyl phthalate level were associated with increased risk of rhinitis, and particulate matter absorbance (PM) was associated with a decreased risk. Furthermore, traffic density on nearest road was associated with increased risk of itchy rash and diethyl phthalate with a reduced risk. DSA selected no associations of childhood exposures, or between prenatal exposures and eczema or food allergy.
This first comprehensive and systematic analysis of many environmental exposures suggests that prenatal exposure to traffic-related variables, PM and phthalates are associated with rhinitis and itchy rash.
过敏疾病的发病早、患病率高，导致个人和社会经济负担沉重。多项研究为环境因素对过敏疾病的可能影响提供了证据，但这些研究主要是单一暴露研究。外核组学提供了一种新的整体方法，可同时研究大量的暴露因素。本研究旨在评估广泛的产前和儿童期环境暴露与儿童过敏相关结局之间的关联。
对欧洲人类早期生活外核组学队列中 6-11 岁儿童（n=1270）的 90 项产前和 107 项儿童期暴露因素与过敏相关结局（过去 12 个月：鼻炎和瘙痒皮疹；以往：医生诊断的湿疹和食物过敏）之间的关联进行了分析。最初，我们使用外核组学全基因组关联研究（ExWAS）独立考虑暴露因素，然后使用同时考虑所有暴露因素的删除-替换-添加选择（DSA）算法。在 DSA 中选择的所有暴露变量均使用二项式广义线性模型（GLM）纳入最终的多暴露模型。
在 ExWAS 中，在进行多次比较校正后，没有暴露因素与结局相关。在产前暴露的多暴露模型中，居住地到最近道路的距离较短和较高的邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯水平与鼻炎风险增加相关，而颗粒物吸收（PM）与鼻炎风险降低相关。此外，最近道路上的交通密度与瘙痒皮疹风险增加有关，而邻苯二甲酸二乙酯与风险降低有关。DSA 未选择出儿童期暴露因素与湿疹或食物过敏之间的关联，也未选择出产前暴露因素与湿疹或食物过敏之间的关联。
这是首次对许多环境暴露因素进行全面系统的分析，表明与交通相关的变量、PM 和邻苯二甲酸酯的产前暴露与鼻炎和瘙痒皮疹有关。
