Soares Érika de Fátima Machado, Magalhães Amanda Júlia de Arruda, Lima Ayara Jhulia Palmeira Dantas, Nunes Danielle Nascimento, Silva Louryanne de Castro, Santos Lucas Gomes, da Silva Regicley Vieira, Cardoso Vitória Ingryd Dos Santos, Nobre Yasmin Vitória Silva, de Souza Carlos Dornels Freire
Curso de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Arapiraca, AL, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2021 Sep 30;19(3):372-381. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2021-659. eCollection 2021 Jul-Sep.
Occupational exposure is an important source of coronavirus transmission among health professionals. The objective of this study is to review the literature on the clinical and epidemiological profile of health professionals infected by COVID-19. An integrative review was conducted based on searches of the LILACS, Medline, and PubMed databases using the following terms: medical workers, healthcare workers, healthcare personnel, and healthcare professionals combined with COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCoV, n-CoV, and coronavirus, with the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR". A total of 710 publications were identified, 18 of which were selected for the review, totaling 2,208 infected health professionals in eight countries. It was observed that 67.4% (n = 1,489) of these professionals were women, and 39.4% of the population described in the 15 studies that provided information on occupation (n = 811) were nurses. Seven publications (n = 553) reported severity, among which the most prevalent category was mild/common (47.3% of cases; n = 213). The most common comorbidities were migraine (9.6%, n = 87 of 906), systemic arterial hypertension (5.5%, n = 78 of 1,427), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.7%, n = 52 of 1,399). The most common symptoms were coughing (34.3%, n = 597 of 1,740), headache (36.8%, n = 582 of 1,583), and myalgia (31.6%, n = 544 of 1,720). The most frequent radiological findings were bilateral involvement (34.5%, n = 139 of 403), ground glass (49%, n = 101 of 206), and bilateral pneumonia (77.4%, n = 65 of 84). The study found that the most often affected health professionals were female nursing professionals, the main symptom was coughing, and the most frequent comorbidity was migraine. The study's limitation is the small sample. There is a need for more studies with these professionals.
职业暴露是医护人员中冠状病毒传播的一个重要来源。本研究的目的是回顾关于感染新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的医护人员的临床和流行病学特征的文献。基于对拉丁美洲及加勒比地区健康科学数据库（LILACS）、医学文献数据库（Medline）和美国国立医学图书馆生物医学文献数据库（PubMed）的检索进行了一项综合综述，使用了以下检索词：医务人员、医护工作者、医护人员和医疗保健专业人员，并与COVID-19、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）、2019新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）、新型冠状病毒（n-CoV）和冠状病毒相结合，使用布尔运算符“AND”和“OR”。共识别出710篇出版物，其中18篇被选入综述，涉及八个国家的2208名感染医护人员。观察到这些专业人员中有67.4%（n = 1489）为女性，在提供职业信息的15项研究中描述的人群中有39.4%（n = 811）为护士。七篇出版物（n = 553）报告了病情严重程度，其中最常见的类别是轻症/普通型（47.3%的病例；n = 213）。最常见的合并症是偏头痛（9.6%，906例中的87例）、系统性动脉高血压（5.5%，1427例中的78例）和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（3.7%，1399例中的52例）。最常见的症状是咳嗽（34.3%，1740例中的597例）、头痛（36.8%，1583例中的582例）和肌痛（31.6%，1720例中的544例）。最常见的影像学表现是双侧受累（34.5%，403例中的139例）、磨玻璃影（49%，206例中的101例）和双侧肺炎（77.4%，84例中的65例）。该研究发现，最常受影响的医护人员是女性护理专业人员，主要症状是咳嗽，最常见的合并症是偏头痛。该研究的局限性是样本量小。需要对这些专业人员进行更多研究。
