先天性双侧膝关节脱位：病例报告及文献综述
Congenital and Bilateral Dislocation of the Knee: Case Report and Review of Literature.
作者信息
Palco Michelangelo, Rizzo Paolo, Sanzarello Ilaria, Nanni Matteo, Leonetti Danilo
机构信息
Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Images, Section of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, University of Messina.
General Orthopaedic Surgery, IRCCS Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute.
出版信息
Orthop Rev (Pavia). 2022 Apr 25;14(3):33926. doi: 10.52965/001c.33926. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Congenital and bilateral dislocation of the knee is an uncommon disorder; it may be isolated or combined with other congenital muscoloskeletal disorders, associated with neurologic disorders or occur in syndromic conditions. The knee presents a typical pathologic hyperextension, with or without joint dislocation. If untreated, the knee may develop stiffness or instability.
CASE SUMMARY
We report about a new-born baby girl presented at birth with an unusual position of both lower limbs with obvious hyperextended knees. Starting from the first hours of life, this baby was treated conservatively with reduction and serial cast immobilizations of the limbs. At the end of the treatment (21 days of life), the knees appeared completely corrected with physiologic active and passive range of motion and joint stability, and they were left free.
CONCLUSION
A correct evaluation at birth, both of the newborn and the deformity, is mandatory in order to decide the proper treatment, that could be conservative or surgical. A prompt treatment can be very effective to completely resolve the problem.
背景
先天性双侧膝关节脱位是一种罕见的疾病；它可能是孤立的，也可能与其他先天性肌肉骨骼疾病合并，与神经系统疾病相关或发生在综合征情况下。膝关节呈现典型的病理性过度伸展，伴或不伴关节脱位。如果不治疗，膝关节可能会出现僵硬或不稳定。
病例摘要
我们报告了一名出生时双下肢位置异常且膝关节明显过度伸展的女婴。从出生后的最初几个小时开始，对该婴儿进行了保守治疗，包括复位和对肢体进行连续石膏固定。在治疗结束时（出生21天），膝关节在生理活动和被动活动范围内以及关节稳定性方面看起来已完全矫正，随后让其自由活动。
结论
为了确定合适的治疗方法（可以是保守治疗或手术治疗），对新生儿及其畸形在出生时进行正确评估是必不可少的。及时治疗对于完全解决问题可能非常有效。
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