Anderson Sarah L, Marrs Joel C
Clinic Care Options, Reston, VA, USA.
Ambulatory Pharmacy Clinical Coordinator, Billings Clinic, Billings, MT, USA.
Drugs Context. 2022 Jun 14;11. doi: 10.7573/dic.2021-10-1. eCollection 2022.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) commonly affects people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Historically, traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk-lowering therapies in patients with T2D and ASCVD have included antiplatelet agents, blood pressure-lowering therapies, lipid-lowering therapies and healthy lifestyle modifications. In the past decade, multiple antihyperglycaemic agents have emerged as CV risk-lowering therapies in this population as well. This article provides a narrative review on the current non-glycaemic and glycaemic treatment options for CV risk reduction in patients with T2D and ASCVD. The FDA requirement that all new antihyperglycaemic agents undergo cardiovascular outcomes trials has demonstrated increasing evidence to support the role of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors as first-line agents for both glycaemic control and CV risk reduction in this population.
动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）常见于2型糖尿病（T2D）患者。从历史上看，T2D和ASCVD患者传统的心血管（CV）风险降低疗法包括抗血小板药物、降压疗法、降脂疗法以及健康生活方式的改变。在过去十年中，多种降糖药物也已成为该人群降低CV风险的疗法。本文对目前用于降低T2D和ASCVD患者CV风险的非降糖和降糖治疗选择进行了叙述性综述。美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）要求所有新型降糖药物都要进行心血管结局试验，这已证明越来越多的证据支持胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP1）受体激动剂和钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）抑制剂作为该人群血糖控制和降低CV风险的一线药物的作用。
