Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Sep;133(3):1905-1918. doi: 10.1111/jam.15693. Epub 2022 Jul 13.
The aim was to characterize the baseline microbial population of the avocado carposphere and understand shifts in community structure from the harvest to ready-to-eat stages.
The changes in surface or stem-end (SE) fungal microbiomes at the postharvest stage of avocado fruit were studied using next-generation sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region. Avocado fructoplane and SE pulp fungal richness differed significantly between postharvest stages with a decline following prochloraz dip treatments. Known postharvest decay-causing genera, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Alternaria, Epicoccum, Penicillium and Neofusicoccum were detected, with Papiliotrema, Meyerozyma and Aureobasidium confirmed as the most dominant potentially beneficial genera. Postharvest interventions such as prochloraz had a negative non-target effect on the presence of Papiliotrema flavescens on the avocado fructoplane.
Our findings reveal a core community of beneficial and pathogenic taxa in the avocado fructoplane and further highlight the reduction of pathogenic fungi as a consequence of fungicide use.
The current study provides important baseline data for further exploration of fungal population shifts in avocado fruit driven by chemical (fungicide) as well as physical (cold storage) interventions.
本研究旨在描述鳄梨果皮的基线微生物种群特征，并了解从收获到可食用阶段群落结构的变化。
使用下一代测序技术对内部转录间隔区（ITS）进行测序，研究了鳄梨果实采后阶段表面或茎端（SE）真菌微生物组的变化。鳄梨果实的果皮和 SE 果肉真菌丰富度在采后阶段差异显著，且在施用过百菌清后下降。检测到已知的采后腐烂致病属，如炭疽菌、镰刀菌、交链孢菌、层出镰孢菌、青霉和拟茎点霉，而被确认为最主要的潜在有益属的有皮盘菌属、梅耶罗氏菌属和金孢子菌属。百菌清等采后处理对鳄梨果皮上皮盘菌属中黄色盘菌的存在有负面影响。
本研究结果揭示了鳄梨果皮中有益和致病菌群的核心群落，并进一步强调了杀菌剂使用导致致病真菌减少。
本研究为进一步探索化学（杀菌剂）和物理（冷藏）干预下鳄梨果实真菌种群变化提供了重要的基线数据。
