University of California, San Francisco and the San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, California, USA.
Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2022 Aug 1;29(4):303-309. doi: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000741. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
This study aims to review bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) changes in people with diabetes, contributing factors, and interventions.
In type 1 diabetes (T1D), BMAT levels are similar to healthy controls, although few studies have been performed. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), both BMAT content and composition appear altered, and recent bone histomorphometry data suggests increased BMAT is both through adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Position emission tomography scanning suggests BMAT is a major source of basal glucose uptake. BMAT is responsive to metabolic interventions.
BMAT is a unique fat depot that is influenced by metabolic factors and proposed to negatively affect the skeleton. BMAT alterations are more consistently seen in T2D compared to T1D. Interventions such as thiazolidinedione treatment may increase BMAT, whereas metformin treatment, weight loss, and exercise may decrease BMAT. Further understanding of the role of BMAT will provide insight into the pathogenesis of diabetic bone disease and could lead to targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies.
本研究旨在综述糖尿病患者骨髓脂肪组织（BMAT）的变化、影响因素和干预措施。
1 型糖尿病（T1D）患者的 BMAT 水平与健康对照组相似，尽管进行的相关研究较少。2 型糖尿病（T2D）患者的 BMAT 含量和组成似乎均发生改变，最近的骨组织形态计量学数据表明，通过脂肪细胞增生和肥大，BMAT 增加。正电子发射断层扫描提示 BMAT 是基础葡萄糖摄取的主要来源。BMAT 对代谢干预有反应。
BMAT 是一种独特的脂肪组织，受代谢因素影响，并被认为对骨骼有负面影响。与 T1D 相比，BMAT 的改变在 T2D 中更为常见。噻唑烷二酮类药物治疗可增加 BMAT，而二甲双胍治疗、体重减轻和运动可减少 BMAT。进一步了解 BMAT 的作用将有助于深入了解糖尿病性骨病的发病机制，并可能为有针对性的预防和治疗策略提供依据。
