Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russia.
PLoS One. 2022 Jul 1;17(7):e0267912. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267912. eCollection 2022.
Infection of seeds of cereal plants with fusarium affects their optical luminescent properties. The spectral characteristics of excitation (absorption) in the range of 180-700 nm of healthy and infected seeds of wheat, barley and oats were measured. The greatest difference in the excitation spectra of healthy and infected seeds was observed in the short-wave range of 220-450 nm. At the same time, the excitation characteristics of infected seeds were higher than those of healthy ones, and the integral parameter Η in the entire range was 10-56% higher. A new maximum appeared at the wavelength of 232 nm and the maximum value increased by 362 nm. The spectral characteristics were measured when excited by radiation at wavelengths of 232, 362, 424, 485, 528 nm and the luminescence fluxes were calculated. It is established that the photoluminescence fluxes Φ in the short-wave ranges of 290-380 nm increase by 1.58-3.14 times and 390-550 nm-by 1.44-2.54 times. The fluxes in longer wavelength ranges do not change systematically and less significantly: for wheat, they decrease by 12% and increase by 19%, for barley, they decrease by 10% and increase by 33%. The flux decreases by 43-71% for oats. Based on the results obtained for cereal seeds, it is possible to further develop a method for detecting fusarium infection with absolute measurements of photoluminescence fluxes in the range of 290-380 nm, or when measuring photoluminescence ratios: for wheat seeds when excited with wavelengths of 424 nm and 232 nm (Φ424/Φ232); for barley seeds-when excited with wavelengths of 485 nm and 232 nm (Φ485/Φ232) and for oat seeds-when excited with wavelengths of 424 nm and 362 nm (Φ424/Φ362).
谷物种子感染镰刀菌会影响其光学发光特性。测量了健康和感染的小麦、大麦和燕麦种子在 180-700nm 范围内的激发（吸收）光谱特性。在 220-450nm 的短波范围内观察到健康和感染种子的激发光谱差异最大。同时，感染种子的激发特性高于健康种子，整个范围内的积分参数Η高 10-56%。在 232nm 波长处出现新的最大值，最大值增加了 362nm。在波长为 232、362、424、485、528nm 的辐射激发下测量了光谱特性，并计算了发光通量。结果表明，在 290-380nm 的短波范围内，光致发光通量 Φ 增加了 1.58-3.14 倍，在 390-550nm 范围内增加了 1.44-2.54 倍。较长波长范围内的通量没有系统地变化，变化较小：对于小麦，它们减少了 12%，增加了 19%，对于大麦，它们减少了 10%，增加了 33%。燕麦的通量减少了 43-71%。基于谷物种子的结果，可以进一步开发一种检测镰刀菌感染的方法，方法是绝对测量 290-380nm 范围内的光致发光通量，或测量光致发光比：对于小麦种子，用 424nm 和 232nm 激发（Φ424/Φ232）；对于大麦种子，用 485nm 和 232nm 激发（Φ485/Φ232），对于燕麦种子，用 424nm 和 362nm 激发（Φ424/Φ362）。
