Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Pediatric Allergology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
Environ Res. 2022 Nov;214(Pt 1):113770. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113770. Epub 2022 Jun 28.
Evidence regarding the role of long-term exposure to ultrafine particles (<0.1 μm, UFP) in asthma onset is scarce.
We examined the association between exposure to UFP and asthma development in the Dutch PIAMA (Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite Allergy) birth cohort and assessed whether there is an association with UFP, independent of other air pollutants.
Data from birth up to age 20 years from 3687 participants were included. Annual average exposure to UFP at the residential addresses was estimated with a land-use regression model. Overall and age-specific associations of exposure at the birth address and current address at the time of follow-up with asthma incidence were assessed using discrete-time hazard models adjusting for potential confounders. We investigated both single- and two-pollutant models accounting for co-exposure to other air pollutants (PM and PM mass concentrations, nitrogen dioxide, and PM absorbance).
A total of 812 incident asthma cases were identified. Overall, we found that higher UFP exposure was associated with higher asthma incidence (adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.08 (1.02,1.14) and 1.06 (1.00, 1.12) per interquartile range increase in exposure at the birth address and current address at the time of follow-up, respectively). Age-specific associations were not consistent. The association was no longer significant after adjustment for other traffic-related pollutants (nitrogen dioxide and PM absorbance).
Our findings support the importance of traffic-related air pollutants for asthma development through childhood and adolescence, but provide little support for an independent effect of UFP.
有关长期暴露于超细颗粒物（<0.1μm，UFP）与哮喘发病之间关系的证据有限。
我们在荷兰 PIAMA（哮喘和尘螨过敏预防与发病研究）出生队列中研究了 UFP 暴露与哮喘发病之间的关系，并评估了 UFP 暴露与其他空气污染物无关时是否与哮喘发病相关。
本研究纳入了 3687 名参与者从出生到 20 岁的数据。采用基于土地利用的回归模型估算了居住地址处 UFP 的年平均暴露量。使用离散时间风险模型评估出生地址和随访时当前地址处的暴露与哮喘发病的总体和年龄特异性关联，该模型调整了潜在混杂因素。我们同时调查了单污染物和双污染物模型，以评估其他空气污染物（PM 和 PM 质量浓度、二氧化氮和 PM 吸光度）的共同暴露情况。
共确定了 812 例哮喘新发病例。总体而言，我们发现 UFP 暴露越高，哮喘发病率越高（调整后的比值比（95%置信区间）分别为出生地址和随访时当前地址 UFP 暴露每增加一个四分位距，哮喘发病的比值比为 1.08（1.02，1.14）和 1.06（1.00，1.12））。年龄特异性关联并不一致。在调整其他交通相关污染物（二氧化氮和 PM 吸光度）后，这种关联不再显著。
我们的研究结果支持交通相关空气污染物在儿童和青少年时期对哮喘发病的重要性，但对 UFP 独立作用的支持证据较少。
