Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Punjab, India.
J Nutr Biochem. 2022 Nov;109:109094. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109094. Epub 2022 Jun 29.
Green tea extract (GTE) alleviates obesity, in part, by modulating gut microbial composition and metabolism. However, direct evidence regarding the catechin-specific bioactivities that are responsible for these benefits remain unclear. The present study therefore investigated dietary supplementation of GTE, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), or (+)-catechin (CAT) in male C57BL6/J mice that were fed a high-fat (HF) diet to establish the independent contributions of EGCG and CAT relative to GTE to restore microbial and host metabolism. We hypothesized that EGCG would regulate the gut microbial metabolome and host liver metabolome more similar to GTE than CAT to explain their previously observed differential effects on cardiometabolic health. To test this, we assessed metabolic and phenolic shifts in liver and fecal samples during dietary HF-induced obesity. Ten fecal metabolites and ten liver metabolites (VIP > 2) primarily contributed to the differences in the metabolome among different interventions. In fecal samples, nine metabolic pathways (e.g., tricarboxcylic acid cycle and tyrosine metabolism) were differentially altered between the GTE and CAT interventions, whereas three pathways differed between GTE and EGCG interventions, suggesting differential benefits of GTE and its distinctive bioactive components on gut microbial metabolism. Likewise, hepatic glycolysis / gluconeogenesis metabolic pathways were significantly altered between GTE and EGCG interventions, while only hepatic tyrosine metabolism was altered between CAT and GTE interventions. Thus, our findings support that purified catechins relative to GTE uniquely contribute to regulating host and microbial metabolic pathways such as central energy metabolism to protect against metabolic dysfunction leading to obesity.
绿茶提取物 (GTE) 通过调节肠道微生物组成和代谢来缓解肥胖，部分原因在于此。然而，负责这些益处的儿茶素特定生物活性的确切证据仍不清楚。因此，本研究在喂食高脂肪 (HF) 饮食的雄性 C57BL6/J 小鼠中，研究了 GTE、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯 (EGCG) 或 (+)-儿茶素 (CAT) 的饮食补充，以确定 EGCG 和 CAT 相对于 GTE 对恢复微生物和宿主代谢的独立贡献。我们假设 EGCG 将调节肠道微生物代谢组和宿主肝脏代谢组，使其与 GTE 更相似，而不是 CAT，以解释它们对心血管代谢健康的先前观察到的不同影响。为了验证这一点，我们评估了在 HF 诱导肥胖期间饮食中代谢和酚类物质在肝脏和粪便样本中的变化。十个粪便代谢物和十个肝脏代谢物 (VIP > 2) 主要有助于不同干预措施之间代谢组的差异。在粪便样本中，GTE 和 CAT 干预之间有九个代谢途径（例如三羧酸循环和酪氨酸代谢）发生了差异改变，而 GTE 和 EGCG 干预之间有三个途径发生了差异改变，这表明 GTE 和其独特的生物活性成分对肠道微生物代谢具有不同的益处。同样，GTE 和 EGCG 干预之间肝糖异生代谢途径发生了显著改变，而 CAT 和 GTE 干预之间仅改变了肝酪氨酸代谢。因此，我们的研究结果支持，与 GTE 相比，纯化儿茶素独特地有助于调节宿主和微生物代谢途径，如中枢能量代谢，以防止导致肥胖的代谢功能障碍。
