Department of Botany, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India.
Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan, Jordan.
Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022 Oct;194(10):4639-4654. doi: 10.1007/s12010-022-04029-w. Epub 2022 Jul 2.
Synthetic microfibers (SMFs), tiny particles which gets fragmented from large fragments of large synthetic fibers having less than 10 µm in diameter, have gathered ubiquitously in each and every corner of the earth. After their release into the aquatic environment, they remain there without natural degradation. Furthermore, it can be anticipated that floating units are transported along the food chain leading to bioaccumulation. It has been estimated that approximately 10-20 Mt of large fabric products as garbage enter into aquatic system per annum. Recently, these synthetic fragments have been investigated as transporters of heavy metal ions (HMs) showing different types of interactions. Yet, the underlying mechanism of these types of interaction is not known, especially the factors stimulating this process and how badly they affect biotic communities. Through this article, a detailed survey was carried out on the sources of microfibers and HMs into the aquatic environment, adsorption of different types of HMs on the SMF surface, mechanics favors these HM-MF interactions, particularly highlighting the significant roles of interaction on microbial biofilm formation. Their collaborative effects which possess harmful effects on aquatic as well as terrestrial organisms was also discussed. Lastly, the future investigations should focus on rigorous research in this field. This article to the best of our knowledge briefly describes the current research developments and emphasizes the vital function of the microorganisms on MFs-HMs interactions with the encouragement for rigorous research in this field to reveal accurate mechanisms and decrease the hazards related with MF presence.
合成微纤维（SMFs）是一种微小的颗粒，由直径小于 10 微米的大合成纤维碎片碎裂而成，已经广泛存在于地球的每一个角落。它们被释放到水生环境中后，不会自然降解。此外，可以预计漂浮物会沿着食物链迁移，导致生物积累。据估计，每年大约有 10-20 公吨的大型织物产品作为垃圾进入水生系统。最近，这些合成碎片已被研究为重金属离子（HMs）的载体，表现出不同类型的相互作用。然而，这些相互作用的潜在机制尚不清楚，特别是刺激这一过程的因素以及它们对生物群落的影响有多严重。通过本文，对微纤维和 HMs 进入水生环境的来源、不同类型的 HMs 在 SMF 表面的吸附、有利于这些 HM-MF 相互作用的力学因素进行了详细调查，特别是突出了相互作用对微生物生物膜形成的重要作用。还讨论了它们对水生和陆地生物具有有害影响的协同效应。最后，未来的研究应该集中在该领域的严格研究上。本文在我们所知的范围内简要描述了当前的研究进展，并强调了微生物在 MFs-HMs 相互作用中的重要作用，鼓励在该领域进行严格的研究，以揭示准确的机制并减少与 MF 存在相关的危害。
