Tomás Diana, Viegas Wanda, Silva Manuela
LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, TERRA - Laboratory for Sustainable Land Use and Ecosystem Services, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Jun 17;13:842599. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.842599. eCollection 2022.
High temperature (HT) events have negative impact on wheat grains yield and quality. Transcriptome profiles of wheat developing grains of commercial genotypes (Antequera and Bancal) and landraces (Ardito and Magueija) submitted to heatwave-like treatments during grain filling were evaluated. Landraces showed significantly more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and presented more similar responses than commercial genotypes. DEGs were more associated with transcription and RNA and protein synthesis in Antequera and with metabolism alterations in Bancal and landraces. Landraces upregulated genes encoding proteins already described as HT responsive, like heat shock proteins and cupins. Apart from the genes encoding HSP, two other genes were upregulated in all genotypes, one encoding for Adenylate kinase, essential for the cellular homeostasis, and the other for ferritin, recently related with increased tolerance to several abiotic stress in Arabidopsis. Moreover, a NAC transcription factor involved in plant development, known to be a negative regulator of starch synthesis and grain yield, was found to be upregulated in both commercial varieties and downregulated in Magueija landrace. The detected diversity of molecular processes involved in heat response of commercial and traditional genotypes contribute to understand the importance of genetic diversity and relevant pathways to cope with these extreme events.
高温（HT）事件对小麦籽粒产量和品质有负面影响。对商业基因型（Antequera和Bancal）以及地方品种（Ardito和Magueija）在灌浆期进行类似热浪处理的发育中小麦籽粒的转录组图谱进行了评估。与商业基因型相比，地方品种显示出显著更多的差异表达基因（DEG），并且呈现出更相似的反应。在Antequera中，差异表达基因与转录以及RNA和蛋白质合成的关联更强，而在Bancal和地方品种中则与代谢改变相关。地方品种上调了已被描述为对高温有反应的蛋白质编码基因，如热休克蛋白和球蛋白。除了编码热休克蛋白的基因外，所有基因型中还有另外两个基因上调，一个编码对细胞稳态至关重要的腺苷酸激酶，另一个编码铁蛋白，最近发现其与拟南芥对几种非生物胁迫的耐受性增加有关。此外，发现一个参与植物发育的NAC转录因子在两个商业品种中上调，而在Magueija地方品种中下调，该转录因子已知是淀粉合成和籽粒产量的负调控因子。检测到的商业基因型和传统基因型热响应中涉及的分子过程多样性，有助于理解遗传多样性以及应对这些极端事件的相关途径的重要性。
