与专业采集的鼻咽拭子相比，通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测自我采集的鼻拭子中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA。
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) on Self-Collected Nasal Swab Compared With Professionally Collected Nasopharyngeal Swab.
作者信息
Mannan Nusrat, Raihan Ruksana, Parvin Ummey Shahnaz, Fazle Akbar Sheikh Mohammad, Reza Md Selim, Islam Shafiqul, Kundu Joy, Noman Abdullah Al, Fakhruddin Md, Billaha Muttasim, Anik Moniruzzaman, Hasan Tanzil, Tudu Nikhil, Rahim Abdur, Mim Farzana, Rahman Khan Mohammad Jahidur
机构信息
Department of Microbiology, US-Bangla Medical College and Hospital, Narayanganj, BGD.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, JPN.
出版信息
Cureus. 2022 Jun 3;14(6):e25618. doi: 10.7759/cureus.25618. eCollection 2022 Jun.
BACKGROUND
Self-collection of nasal swabs for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) would considerably increase the testing capability and decrease the risk of transmission among healthcare workers (HCW) and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of self-collected nasal swabs compared with professionally collected nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by RT-PCR.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We performed a cross-sectional study where the suspected cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were instructed about the self-collection of nasal swabs from their mid-turbinate. The results were compared to a nasopharyngeal swab collected by a trained healthcare worker in the same patient at the same sitting.
RESULTS
We enrolled 100 participants, of which, 69 (69%) were male and 31 (31%) were female. The median age of the study participant was 36 years. Of the participants, 58 (58%) were symptomatic, and the commonest clinical presentation was cough, which was present in 42 (42%) participants. Out of 100 samples, 31 (31%) professionally collected nasopharyngeal swabs and 28 (28%) self-collected nasal swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. Out of 31 professionally collected positive samples, three samples were negative in self-collection. Out of 28 self-collected positive samples, no sample was negative in the professional collection. The sensitivity and specificity of self-collected nasal swabs compared to professionally collected nasopharyngeal swabs were 90.32% and 100.00%, respectively. The sensitivity of self-collected nasal was 100% when the cycle threshold (Ct) value of the professionally collected NP swab was less than 30.
CONCLUSION
Our study showed that self-collected nasal swabs' sensitivities were similar to professionally collected NP swabs with a high viral load (low Ct value). Hence, this method could be used when the patient is symptomatic and come to the health providers in the early stage of COVID-19 illness.
背景
通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）自行采集鼻拭子以检测严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）RNA，将显著提高检测能力，并降低医护人员（HCW）之间的传播风险以及个人防护装备（PPE）的使用。
目的
本研究旨在评估自行采集的鼻拭子与专业采集的鼻咽（NP）拭子相比，通过RT-PCR检测SARS-CoV-2 RNA的性能。
材料与方法
我们进行了一项横断面研究，指导2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疑似病例自行从鼻甲中部采集鼻拭子。将结果与由经过培训的医护人员在同一患者同一就诊时采集的鼻咽拭子结果进行比较。
结果
我们纳入了100名参与者，其中69名（69%）为男性，31名（31%）为女性。研究参与者的中位年龄为36岁。在参与者中，58名（58%）有症状，最常见的临床表现是咳嗽，42名（42%）参与者出现咳嗽。在100份样本中，通过RT-PCR检测，31份（31%）专业采集的鼻咽拭子和28份（28%）自行采集的鼻拭子SARS-CoV-2呈阳性。在31份专业采集的阳性样本中，3份样本自行采集时呈阴性。在28份自行采集的阳性样本中，没有样本在专业采集时呈阴性。与专业采集的鼻咽拭子相比，自行采集的鼻拭子的敏感性和特异性分别为90.32%和100.00%。当专业采集的NP拭子的循环阈值（Ct）值小于30时，自行采集的鼻拭子的敏感性为100%。
结论
我们的研究表明，自行采集的鼻拭子的敏感性与专业采集的NP拭子在病毒载量高（Ct值低）时相似。因此，当患者有症状且在COVID-19疾病早期前往医疗服务提供者处时，可使用这种方法。
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