Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame.
Personal Disord. 2022 Jul;13(4):328-336. doi: 10.1037/per0000568.
Publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (American Psychiatric Association, 2013), which included an alternative model of personality disorders (AMPD), was followed by an explosion of publications on the new model. The large majority of these publications focused on the AMPD's Criterion B, which consists of 25 trait facets arranged in 5 broad domains that bear strong similarity to the established five-factor model (FFM) of personality. The operationalization of AMPD traits that has received the most research attention is its self-report measure, the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (PID-5; Krueger et al., 2012). Much of this literature concerns its internal structure and relations with FFM measures. Many of these studies report that a number of the facets appear to be (a) interstitial (cross-loading on 2 or more factors), (b) placed in the wrong domain (i.e., considered by the AMPD to be a facet of a different domain from the one on which it typically loads), or (c) both. Clarifying the structural location of measures is fundamental in understanding their nomological net-and, thereby, the constructs they assess. Therefore, this review focuses on the PID-5 structure in the context of the broader domain of personality, especially the FFM, and primarily examines (1) which facets are interstitial and (2) the best domain(s) in which to place each facet. Also considered are important PD constructs-including multiple facets and one domain-that the AMPD does not include. The review ends with a set of recommendations for AMPD-5.1 and PID-5.1. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版（美国精神病学协会，2013 年）的出版，其中包括一种替代的人格障碍模型（AMPD），随后出现了大量关于新模式的出版物。这些出版物绝大多数都集中在 AMPD 的标准 B 上，它由 25 个特质方面组成，分为 5 个广泛的领域，与已建立的五因素人格模型（FFM）有很强的相似性。AMPD 特质的操作性定义中，最受关注的是其自陈量表，即《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第五版人格量表（PID-5；Krueger 等人，2012）。这方面的文献大多涉及到其内部结构及其与 FFM 测量的关系。许多研究报告称，一些特质方面似乎存在（a）间质（跨两个或多个因素加载），（b）放置在错误的领域（即，AMPD 认为它是一个不同于其通常加载的因素的不同领域的一个方面），或（c）两者兼而有之。澄清测量的结构位置对于理解其效标网络是至关重要的，从而也理解了它们评估的结构。因此，本综述主要关注 PID-5 在更广泛的人格领域，特别是 FFM 中的结构，并主要研究（1）哪些特质方面是间质的，（2）每个特质方面最合适的领域。同时也考虑了 AMPD 不包括的一些重要 PD 结构，包括多个特质方面和一个领域。综述最后为 AMPD-5.1 和 PID-5.1 提出了一系列建议。
