Leinweber Julia, Fontein-Kuipers Yvonne, Karlsdottir Sigfridur Inga, Ekström-Bergström Anette, Nilsson Christina, Stramrood Claire, Thomson Gill
Institute of Midwifery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
School of Midwifery, Health and Social Work, University College Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Birth. 2023 Jun;50(2):362-383. doi: 10.1111/birt.12666. Epub 2022 Jul 5.
A positive childbirth experience promotes women's health, both during and beyond the perinatal period. Understanding what constitutes a positive childbirth experience is thus critical to providing high-quality maternity care. Currently, there is no clear, inclusive, woman-centered definition of a positive childbirth experience to guide practice, education, and research.
To formulate an inclusive woman-centered definition of a positive childbirth experience.
A six-step process was undertaken: (a) Key concepts associated with a positive childbirth were derived from a rapid literature review; (b) The key concepts were used by interdisciplinary experts in the author group to create a draft definition; (c) The draft definition was presented to clinicians and researchers during a European research meeting on perinatal mental health; (d) The authors integrated the expert feedback to refine the working definition; (e) A revised definition was shared with women from consumer groups in six countries to confirm its face validity; and (f) A final definition was formulated based on the women's feedback (n = 42).
The following definition was formulated: "A positive childbirth experience refers to a woman's experience of interactions and events directly related to childbirth that made her feel supported, in control, safe, and respected; a positive childbirth can make women feel joy, confident, and/or accomplished and may have short and/or long-term positive impacts on a woman's psychosocial well-being."
This inclusive, woman-centered definition highlights the importance of provider interactions for facilitating a positive childbirth experience. Feeling supported and having a sense of control, safety, and respect are central tenets. This definition could help to identify and validate positive childbirth experience(s), and to inform practice, education, research, advocacy, and policy-making.
积极的分娩体验对女性在围产期及产后的健康均有促进作用。因此，了解构成积极分娩体验的因素对于提供高质量的孕产妇护理至关重要。目前，尚无一个清晰、全面且以女性为中心的积极分娩体验定义来指导实践、教育和研究。
制定一个全面的、以女性为中心的积极分娩体验定义。
采用了六个步骤：(a) 通过快速文献综述得出与积极分娩相关的关键概念；(b) 作者团队中的跨学科专家利用这些关键概念创建了一个定义草案；(c) 在欧洲围产期心理健康研究会议期间，将该定义草案提交给临床医生和研究人员；(d) 作者整合专家反馈以完善工作定义；(e) 与六个国家消费者群体的女性分享修订后的定义，以确认其表面效度；(f) 根据女性的反馈（n = 42）制定最终定义。
制定了以下定义：“积极的分娩体验是指女性对与分娩直接相关的互动和事件的体验，这些体验让她感到被支持、有掌控感、安全且受到尊重；积极的分娩可以让女性感到喜悦、自信和/或有成就感，并且可能对女性的心理社会幸福感产生短期和/或长期的积极影响。”
这个全面的、以女性为中心的定义凸显了提供者互动对于促成积极分娩体验的重要性。感到被支持以及拥有掌控感、安全感和尊重感是核心要点。这个定义有助于识别和验证积极的分娩体验，并为实践、教育、研究、宣传和政策制定提供信息。
