University of Defence, Military Medical Academy Medical Faculty, National Poison Control Centre, Belgrade, Serbia.
Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2022 Jul 7;73(2):126-130. doi: 10.2478/aiht-2022-73-3635.
Olanzapine is a thienobenzodiazepine class antipsychotic that strongly antagonises the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor, but acute poisonings are reported rarely. Symptoms of an overdose include disorder of consciousness, hypersalivation, myosis, and coma. Serum concentration higher than 0.1 mg/L is toxic, while concentration above 1 mg/L can be fatal. Here we report key data about 61 patients admitted to the National Poison Control Centre in Belgrade, Serbia over olanzapine poisoning in 2017 and 2018. The ingested doses ranged from 35 to 1680 mg, and time from ingestion to determination from two to 24 hours. In 34 patients olanzapine serum concentrations were in the therapeutic range and in 27 in the toxic range. In five patients they were higher than fatal, but only one patient died. The most common symptoms of poisoning were depressed consciousness (fluctuating from somnolence to coma), tachycardia, hypersalivation, hypotension, myosis, and high creatine kinase. All patients but one recovered fully after nonspecific detoxification and symptomatic and supportive therapy.
奥氮平是一种噻吩苯并二氮䓬类抗精神病药，能强烈拮抗 5-HT2A 血清素受体，但急性中毒的报道很少。过量的症状包括意识障碍、唾液分泌过多、瞳孔缩小和昏迷。血清浓度高于 0.1 毫克/升为有毒，而浓度高于 1 毫克/升则可能致命。在这里，我们报告了 2017 年和 2018 年在塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德国家中毒控制中心收治的 61 名奥氮平中毒患者的关键数据。摄入的剂量从 35 毫克到 1680 毫克不等，摄入到确定的时间从两小时到 24 小时不等。在 34 名患者中，奥氮平的血清浓度在治疗范围内，在 27 名患者中在毒性范围内。在 5 名患者中，浓度高于致命水平，但只有 1 名患者死亡。中毒最常见的症状是意识障碍（从嗜睡到昏迷）、心动过速、唾液分泌过多、低血压、瞳孔缩小和肌酸激酶升高。除 1 名患者外，所有患者均经非特异性解毒、对症和支持治疗后完全康复。
