Zeng Wen, Fang Qian, Wang Cui, Tong Beibei, Li Dan, Zou Ziqiu, Liu Peiyuan, Yao Yuanrong, Shang Shaomei
School of Nursing, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2022 Jun 20;13:904581. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.904581. eCollection 2022.
Nurses play a key role in the health care system. However, clinical nurses experience different kinds of stressors that might impact the nurses' quality of life or quality of care. Family is one of the main social support resources, and quality family function might improve the quality of care provided by nurses. However, evidence on family function in Chinese clinical nurses is quite limited.
The current study was to evaluate the family function of the Chinese clinical nurses, and to explore associated predicting factors.
A multi-center cross-sectional anonymous online survey was carried out. Chinese Family Function Scale was used in the study. Spearman's rank correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, or Kruskal-Wallis H test was performed in the univariate analysis. The pairwise comparison method was used to determine whether the difference was significant between pair groups. Categorical regression (optimal scaling regression) was the main method to analyze factors that had been confirmed to be statistically significant in the univariate analysis.
Nineteen thousand four hundred and twenty-two nurses completed the online questionnaires. The median of the nurse's perceived family function score was three (Inter-quartile Range: IQR 2-5). The multivariate analysis showed that the highest education level ( <0.001), the hospital level ( <0 .001), rotation shift status ( <0.001), working department ( < 0.001), number of children ( < 0.001), monthly income per family member ( < 0.001) were significantly associated with family function. Moreover, the importance of the factors was the number of children (49.1%), monthly income per family member (20.7%), rotation shift status (12.4%), the highest education level (8.0%), the hospital level (7.6%), and working department (2.4%) in turn.
The family function was associated with multiple factors, which hints that managers, leaders, and government could make strategies to improve nurses' family function in order to lead nurses to make a balance between family and work. Policymakers, nursing managers, and employers should make strategies such as promoting children-care services, increasing nurses' income, educating and training enough nurses, and building a well-established system of career development to help clinical nurses improve their family function so that to improve the quality of care.
护士在医疗保健系统中发挥着关键作用。然而，临床护士会经历各种可能影响其生活质量或护理质量的压力源。家庭是主要的社会支持资源之一，良好的家庭功能可能会提高护士提供的护理质量。然而，关于中国临床护士家庭功能的证据相当有限。
本研究旨在评估中国临床护士的家庭功能，并探索相关的预测因素。
开展了一项多中心横断面匿名在线调查。本研究使用了中国家庭功能量表。单因素分析采用Spearman等级相关分析、Mann-Whitney U检验或Kruskal-Wallis H检验。采用两两比较法确定两组之间的差异是否显著。分类回归（最优尺度回归）是分析在单因素分析中已被证实具有统计学意义的因素的主要方法。
19422名护士完成了在线问卷。护士感知到的家庭功能得分中位数为3（四分位间距：IQR 2 - 5）。多因素分析显示，最高学历（<0.001）、医院级别（<0.001）、轮班状态（<0.001）、工作科室（<0.001）、子女数量（<0.001）、家庭成员月收入（<0.001）与家庭功能显著相关。此外，这些因素的重要性依次为子女数量（49.1%）、家庭成员月收入（20.7%）、轮班状态（12.4%）、最高学历（8.0%）、医院级别（7.6%）和工作科室（2.4%）。
家庭功能与多种因素相关，这提示管理者、领导者和政府可以制定策略来改善护士的家庭功能，以使护士能够在家庭和工作之间取得平衡。政策制定者、护理管理者和雇主应制定诸如推广儿童护理服务、提高护士收入、培养和培训足够的护士以及建立完善的职业发展体系等策略，以帮助临床护士改善其家庭功能，从而提高护理质量。
