Trevisan Caterina, Siviero Paola, Limongi Federica, Noale Marianna, Maggi Stefania
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, National Research Council, Padova, Italy.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2022 Jun 20;14:876359. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.876359. eCollection 2022.
Given the rising numbers of older people living with dementia, this study focuses on identifying modifiable health-related factors associated with changes in cognitive status. The predictors of 1-year conversion from Preserved Cognitive Health (PCH) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in older adults were evaluated. Two logistic regression models were performed on data from an Italian multicenter population-based study; both included sociodemographic factors, family history of dementia (FHD), risk behaviors, and depressive symptoms. The first model considered also disease clusters, while the second one included diseases' number and biochemical parameters. The sample involved 459 participants (61.4% women, median age 75 years). Of the 80 PCH individuals at baseline, after 1 year 35 (43.8%) were stable, 44 (55.0%) progressed to MCI, none to dementia, and one to unclassified status. Of the 379 MCI participants at baseline, after 1 year 281 (74.1%) remained stable, 38 (10.0%) reverted to PCH, 15 (4.0%) progressed to dementia, and 45 (11.9%) become unclassifiable. Hypertension/bone and joint diseases cluster was the only predictor of PCH progression to MCI; age and depression were associated with MCI progression to dementia; FHD was associated with MCI reversion to PCH. More diseases and fewer white blood cells were associated with MCI progression to dementia; more diseases and lower platelets were associated with the transition from MCI to unclassifiable; higher Na and lower TSH levels were associated with MCI reversion. The treatment or management of some chronic conditions and electrolyte imbalances may help attenuate cognitive deterioration in older adults with no or MCI.
鉴于患有痴呆症的老年人数量不断增加，本研究着重于确定与认知状态变化相关的可改变的健康相关因素。对老年人中从认知健康保留（PCH）和轻度认知障碍（MCI）转化为痴呆症的1年预测因素进行了评估。对来自意大利一项基于多中心人群的研究数据进行了两个逻辑回归模型分析；两个模型均纳入了社会人口统计学因素、痴呆症家族史（FHD）、风险行为和抑郁症状。第一个模型还考虑了疾病簇，而第二个模型纳入了疾病数量和生化参数。样本包括459名参与者（61.4%为女性，中位年龄75岁）。在基线时的80名PCH个体中，1年后35名（43.8%）保持稳定，44名（55.0%）进展为MCI，无一人进展为痴呆症，1人转为未分类状态。在基线时的379名MCI参与者中，1年后281名（74.1%）保持稳定，38名（10.0%）恢复为PCH，15名（4.0%）进展为痴呆症，45名（11.9%）变得无法分类。高血压/骨和关节疾病簇是PCH进展为MCI的唯一预测因素；年龄和抑郁与MCI进展为痴呆症相关；FHD与MCI恢复为PCH相关。更多疾病和更少白细胞与MCI进展为痴呆症相关；更多疾病和更低血小板与从MCI转变为无法分类相关；更高的钠和更低的促甲状腺激素水平与MCI恢复相关。对一些慢性病和电解质失衡的治疗或管理可能有助于减轻无认知障碍或患有MCI的老年人的认知衰退。
