Tian Congliang, Li Danni, Fu Jianhua
Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Jun 20;10:902437. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.902437. eCollection 2022.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic respiratory complication commonly seen in premature infants. Following continuous advances in neonatal intensive care diagnosis and treatment technology, an increasing number of premature babies are being treated successfully. Despite these remarkable improvements, there has been no significant decline in the incidence of BPD; in fact, its incidence has increased as more extremely preterm infants survive. Therefore, in view of the impact of BPD on the physical and mental health of children and the increased familial and social burden on these children, early prevention of BPD is emphasized. In recent decades, the clinical application of caffeine in treating primary apnea in premature infants was shown not only to stimulate the respiratory center but also to confer obvious protection to the nervous and respiratory systems. Numerous clinical cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have shown that caffeine plays a significant role in the prevention and treatment of BPD, but there is a lack of overall understanding of its potential molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the possible molecular mechanisms of caffeine in the prevention or treatment of BPD, aiming to better guide its clinical application.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是一种常见于早产儿的慢性呼吸系统并发症。随着新生儿重症监护诊断和治疗技术的不断进步，越来越多的早产儿得到了成功救治。尽管取得了这些显著进展，但BPD的发病率并未显著下降；事实上，随着越来越多的极早产儿存活下来，其发病率反而有所上升。因此，鉴于BPD对儿童身心健康的影响以及给这些儿童家庭和社会带来的负担增加，强调早期预防BPD。近几十年来，咖啡因在治疗早产儿原发性呼吸暂停的临床应用中，不仅显示出刺激呼吸中枢的作用，还对神经和呼吸系统具有明显的保护作用。众多临床横断面和纵向研究表明，咖啡因在BPD的预防和治疗中发挥着重要作用，但对其潜在分子机制缺乏全面了解。在本综述中，我们总结了咖啡因预防或治疗BPD的可能分子机制，旨在更好地指导其临床应用。
