Sakaria Rishika P, Dhanireddy Ramasubbareddy
Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Mar 9;10:820259. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.820259. eCollection 2022.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease affecting over 35% of extremely preterm infants born each year. Despite the advances made in understanding the pathogenesis of this disease over the last five decades, BPD remains one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in this population, and the incidence of the disease increases with decreasing gestational age. As inflammation is one of the key drivers in the pathogenesis, it has been targeted by majority of pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to prevent BPD. Most extremely premature infants receive a myriad of medications during their stay in the neonatal intensive care unit in an effort to prevent or manage BPD, with corticosteroids, caffeine, and diuretics being the most commonly used medications. However, there is no consensus regarding their use and benefits in this population. This review summarizes the available literature regarding these medications and aims to provide neonatologists and neonatal providers with evidence-based recommendations.
支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是一种多因素疾病，每年影响超过35%的极早产儿。尽管在过去五十年里对该疾病发病机制的认识取得了进展，但BPD仍然是这一人群发病和死亡的主要原因之一，并且疾病的发生率随着胎龄的降低而增加。由于炎症是发病机制中的关键驱动因素之一，大多数药物和非药物方法都针对炎症来预防BPD。大多数极早产儿在新生儿重症监护病房住院期间会使用大量药物以预防或治疗BPD，其中皮质类固醇、咖啡因和利尿剂是最常用的药物。然而，对于这些药物在这一人群中的使用及其益处尚无共识。本综述总结了关于这些药物的现有文献，旨在为新生儿科医生和新生儿医疗服务提供者提供基于证据的建议。
