Kouri Anne, Balani Shanthi, Kizilbash Sarah
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Jun 20;10:929504. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.929504. eCollection 2022.
Posttransplant anemia (PTA) is a common complication of pediatric kidney transplantation, with a prevalence ranging from 22 to 85%. PTA is categorized as early (within 6 months posttransplant) and late (>6 months posttransplant). Early PTA is typically associated with surgical blood losses and iron deficiency. Late PTA primarily results from graft dysfunction; however, iron deficiency, drug toxicity, and posttransplant inflammation also play a role. PTA is more severe compared with the anemia in glomerular-filtration-rate matched patients with native chronic kidney disease. Treatment of PTA is directed toward the underlying cause. Erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) are effective; however, their use is limited in the transplant setting. Timely diagnosis and treatment of PTA are vital to prevent long-term adverse outcomes in pediatric transplant recipients.
移植后贫血（PTA）是小儿肾移植常见的并发症，患病率在22%至85%之间。PTA分为早期（移植后6个月内）和晚期（移植后>6个月）。早期PTA通常与手术失血和缺铁有关。晚期PTA主要由移植肾功能不全引起；然而，缺铁、药物毒性和移植后炎症也起作用。与肾小球滤过率匹配的原发性慢性肾病患者的贫血相比，PTA更为严重。PTA的治疗针对潜在病因。促红细胞生成素（ESA）有效；然而，它们在移植环境中的使用受到限制。及时诊断和治疗PTA对于预防小儿移植受者的长期不良后果至关重要。
