Regensburg Center for Biochemistry (RCB), Institut für Biochemie, Genetik und Mikrobiologie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
Evotec München GmbH, Martinsried, Germany.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2533:127-145. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2501-9_8.
Micrococcal nuclease (MNase) originating from Staphylococcus aureus is a calcium dependent ribo- and desoxyribonuclease which has endo- and exonucleolytic activity of low sequence preference. MNase is widely used to analyze nucleosome positions in chromatin by probing the enzyme's DNA accessibility in limited digestion reactions. Probing reactions can be performed in a global way by addition of exogenous MNase , or locally by "chromatin endogenous cleavage " (ChEC ) reactions using MNase fusion proteins . The latter approach has recently been adopted for the analysis of local RNA environments of MNase fusion proteins which are incorporated in vivo at specific sites of ribonucleoprotein (RNP ) complexes. In this case, ex vivo activation of MNase by addition of calcium leads to RNA cleavages in proximity to the tethered anchor protein thus providing information about the folding state of its RNA environment.Here, we describe a set of plasmids that can be used as template for PCR-based MNase tagging of genes by homologous recombination in S. cerevisiae . The templates enable both N- and C-terminal tagging with MNase in combination with linker regions of different lengths and properties. In addition, an affinity tag is included in the recombination cassettes which can be used for purification of the particle of interest before or after induction of MNase cleavages in the surrounding RNA or DNA. A step-by-step protocol is provided for tagging of a gene of interest, followed by affinity purification of the resulting fusion protein together with associated RNA and subsequent induction of local MNase cleavages.
微球菌核酸酶(MNase)来源于金黄色葡萄球菌,是一种依赖于钙的核糖核酸酶和脱氧核糖核酸酶,具有内切核酸酶和外切核酸酶活性,且序列偏好性低。MNase 被广泛用于通过探测酶在有限消化反应中的 DNA 可及性来分析染色质中的核小体位置。探测反应可以通过添加外源性 MNase 以全局方式进行,也可以通过使用 MNase 融合蛋白的“染色质内源性切割”(ChEC)反应以局部方式进行。最近,后一种方法被用于分析 MNase 融合蛋白在体内特定核糖核蛋白(RNP)复合物位置的局部 RNA 环境。在这种情况下,通过添加钙来体外激活 MNase 会导致与锚定蛋白邻近的 RNA 断裂,从而提供其 RNA 环境折叠状态的信息。在此,我们描述了一组质粒,可用于通过同源重组在酿酒酵母中进行基于 PCR 的 MNase 标记基因。这些模板可用于 MNase 与不同长度和特性的连接区的 N 端和 C 端标记。此外,在重组盒中还包含一个亲和标签,可用于在诱导周围 RNA 或 DNA 中的 MNase 切割之前或之后,对感兴趣的颗粒进行纯化。提供了一个逐步的方案,用于标记感兴趣的基因,然后亲和纯化由此产生的融合蛋白及其相关的 RNA,随后诱导局部 MNase 切割。