埃及 5-17 岁童工的工作相关伤害：全国童工调查结果。
Work-related injuries among 5 - 17 years-old working children in Egypt: findings from a national child labor survey.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine - Suez Canal University, Kilo 4.5 Ring Road, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Georgetown, DC, USA.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2022 Jul 7;22(1):1303. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-13689-6.
BACKGROUND
Egypt has agreed and ratified international regulations that strict child labor. However, the country still struggles with high prevalence of child labor and the associated negative social and health effects. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of work-related injuries among working children in Egypt.
METHODS
This study involved a secondary data analysis of the National Child Labor Survey (NCLS) conducted in 2010 by The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) in Egypt with technical and financial support from the ILO's International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC) through its Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor (SIMPOC). The total number of working children who responded to questions of work-related injuries in the NCLS child questionnaire was 7485 children.
RESULTS
The prevalence of work-related injuries among working children in Egypt was estimated as 24.1% (95% CI: 22.0%-26.2%), of whom the majority were superficial wounds (87.3%). Among children who reported work-related injuries, 57.9% did not stop work or schooling because of the most serious injury, while 39.6% had stopped temporarily and 2.6% had stopped completely. The main determinants of work-related injuries among working children in the study sample were gender (boys), age of starting work (5-11 years), type of main economic activity (industry and services), type of main workplace (plantation, farms, or garden), the average work hours per week (28 h or more), and exposure to ergonomic and safety, and chemical hazards at work.
CONCLUSIONS
The estimated high prevalence of work-related injuries among working children aged 5-17 years in Egypt raises the health risks concerns associated with child labor. Findings of this study on the determinants of work-related injuries could guide policies and interventions to combat child labor and the associated health risks, including work-related injuries.
背景
埃及已同意并批准了严格限制童工劳动的国际法规。然而，该国仍然面临童工劳动率居高不下的问题，以及由此产生的负面社会和健康影响。本研究的目的是确定埃及工作儿童中与工作相关的伤害的流行率和决定因素。
方法
本研究是对埃及中央公共动员和统计局（CAPMAS）于 2010 年在国际劳工组织（ILO）消除童工国际计划（IPEC）的技术和财政支持下进行的全国童工调查（NCLS）的二次数据分析。NCLS 儿童问卷中回答与工作相关的伤害问题的工作儿童总数为 7485 名儿童。
结果
埃及工作儿童中与工作相关的伤害的流行率估计为 24.1%（95%CI：22.0%-26.2%），其中大多数是浅表伤口（87.3%）。在报告与工作相关的伤害的儿童中，57.9%的人因最严重的伤害而没有停止工作或学业，39.6%的人暂时停止，2.6%的人完全停止。研究样本中工作儿童与工作相关的伤害的主要决定因素是性别（男孩）、开始工作的年龄（5-11 岁）、主要经济活动类型（工业和服务业）、主要工作场所类型（种植园、农场或花园）、每周平均工作时间（28 小时或更长时间）以及在工作中接触人体工程学和安全以及化学危害。
结论
埃及 5-17 岁工作儿童中与工作相关的伤害的高估计流行率引起了与童工相关的健康风险的关注。本研究关于与工作相关的伤害决定因素的研究结果可以为政策和干预措施提供指导，以打击童工和相关的健康风险，包括与工作相关的伤害。
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