Department of Infection Control and Vaccines, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
European Program for Intervention Epidemiology Training, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2022 Aug;50(6):676-682. doi: 10.1177/14034948221108548. Epub 2022 Jul 7.
Using individual-level national registry data, we conducted a cohort study to estimate differences in the length of hospital stay, and risk of admission to an intensive care unit and in-hospital death among patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant, compared with patients infected with Delta variant in Norway. We included 409 (38%) patients infected with Omicron and 666 (62%) infected with Delta who were hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as the main cause of hospitalisation between 6 December 2021 and 6 February 2022. Omicron patients had a 48% lower risk of intensive care admission (adjusted hazard ratios (aHR): 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34-0.80) and a 56% lower risk of in-hospital death (aHR: 0.44, 95%CI: 0.24-0.79) compared with Delta patients. Omicron patients had a shorter length of stay (with or without ICU stay) compared with Delta patients in the age groups from 18 to 79 years and those who had at least completed their primary vaccination. This supports growing evidence of reduced disease severity among hospitalised Omicron patients compared with Delta patients.
利用个体层面的国家登记数据，我们进行了一项队列研究，以估计在挪威感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）奥密克戎变异株的患者与感染德尔塔变异株的患者相比，住院时间长短、入住重症监护病房的风险以及住院期间死亡风险的差异。我们纳入了 2021 年 12 月 6 日至 2022 年 2 月 6 日期间因 COVID-19 住院的 409 名（38%）感染奥密克戎的患者和 666 名（62%）感染德尔塔的患者，这些患者因 COVID-19 住院。与感染德尔塔的患者相比，感染奥密克戎的患者入住重症监护病房的风险降低了 48%（校正后的危险比（aHR）：0.52，95%置信区间（CI）：0.34-0.80），住院期间死亡的风险降低了 56%（aHR：0.44，95%CI：0.24-0.79）。与感染德尔塔的患者相比，18-79 岁年龄组和至少完成初级疫苗接种的患者中，感染奥密克戎的患者的住院时间（无论是否入住 ICU）更短。这支持了越来越多的证据，表明与感染德尔塔的患者相比，住院的奥密克戎患者的疾病严重程度有所降低。
