Department of Biochemistry, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Biochemistry, Tınaztepe University, Izmir, Turkey.
Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2022 Jun 15;32(2):020708. doi: 10.11613/BM.2022.020708.
Blood gas analysis (BGA) is an essential test used for years to provide vital information in critically ill patients. However, the instability of the blood gases is a problem. We aimed to evaluate time and temperature effects on blood gas stability.
Arterial blood was collected from 20 patients into syringes. Following BGA for baseline, syringes were divided into groups to stand at 4°C and 22°C for 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes. All were tested for pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO), partial pressure of oxygen (pO), oxygen saturation (sO), oxyhemoglobin (OHb), sodium, potassium, glucose, lactate, oxygen tension at 50% hemoglobin saturation (p50), and bicarbonate. A subgroup analysis was performed to detect the effect of air on results during storage. Percentage deviations were calculated and compared against the preset quality specifications for allowable total error.
At 4°C, pO was the least stable parameter. At 22°C, pO remained stable for 120 min, pH and glucose for 90 min, lactate and pCO for 60 min. Glucose and lactate were stable when chilled. Air bubbles interfered pO regardless of temperatures, whereas pCO increased significantly at 22°C after 30 min, and pH decreased after 90 min. Bicarbonate, sO, OHb, sodium, and potassium were the unaffected parameters.
Correct BGA results are essential, and arterial sample is precious. Therefore, if immediate analysis cannot be performed, up to one hour, syringes stored at room temperature will give reliable results when care is taken to minimize air within the blood gas specimen.
血气分析（BGA）是多年来用于为危重症患者提供重要信息的基本测试。然而，血液气体的不稳定性是一个问题。我们旨在评估时间和温度对血液气体稳定性的影响。
从 20 名患者的动脉中采集血液到注射器中。在进行基线 BGA 后，将注射器分为两组，分别在 4°C 和 22°C 下放置 30、60、90 和 120 分钟。所有样本均检测 pH 值、二氧化碳分压（pCO）、氧分压（pO）、氧饱和度（sO）、氧合血红蛋白（OHb）、钠、钾、葡萄糖、乳酸、血红蛋白饱和度为 50%时的氧分压（p50）和碳酸氢盐。进行亚组分析以检测储存过程中空气对结果的影响。计算百分比偏差，并与允许总误差的预设质量规格进行比较。
在 4°C 下，pO 是最不稳定的参数。在 22°C 下，pO 在 120 分钟内保持稳定，pH 值和葡萄糖在 90 分钟内保持稳定，乳酸和 pCO 在 60 分钟内保持稳定。冷藏时葡萄糖和乳酸稳定。无论温度如何，气泡都会干扰 pO，而在 30 分钟后 pCO 在 22°C 下显著增加，90 分钟后 pH 值下降。碳酸氢盐、sO、OHb、钠和钾不受影响。
正确的 BGA 结果至关重要，而动脉样本是宝贵的。因此，如果不能立即进行分析，在室温下储存注射器最多一个小时，当注意将血液气体样本中的空气最小化时，将获得可靠的结果。
